Hemodynamic Instability, Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation, Hemodynamics, Physical inactivity
Brief summary
Muscle contractions induced by calf low-intensity neuromuscular electrical stimulation (C-LI-NMES) can increase venous return and may reduce venous thromboembolism. This study aimed to compare the effect of different C-LI-NMES frequencies and plateau times on hemodynamics, discomfort and energy efficiency, when applied via sock-integrated transverse textile electrodes.
Detailed description
Fifteen healthy participants were stimulated via two 3x3cm transverse textile electrodes integrated in a sock, with ten different combinations of frequency (1Hz or 36Hz) and plateau times (0.5/1.5/3/5/7s), with gradually increasing NMES-intensity until plantar flexion-induction. At this point, popliteal peak venous velocity (PVV), time-averaged mean velocity (TAMV) and ejection volume (EV) were assessed by Doppler-ultrasound, discomfort by a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0-10) and values for current amplitude and energy were calculated based on the NMES-device´s intensity level. Values expressed with median (interquartile range), significance set to p\<0.05.
Interventions
DEVICEChattanooga Physio, DJO, neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) was applied with a device called Chattanooga Physio (DJO), testing 10 different combinations of parameter-settings. The parameter-settings that were varied and combined were frequency (1Hz and 36Hz) and plateau times (0.5s, 1.5s, 3s, 5s, 7s). The NMES was applied to the calf of the participants via transversally placed textile electrodes (3x3 cm) integrated in a sock starting with very low current amplitude followed by gradual small increases in current amplitude until induction of ankle plantar flexion, at which time-point the outcomes where measured.
Sponsors
Karolinska University Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Masking description
Participants did not receive information about what parameter-settings that were used for the different tests.
Intervention model description
Repeated measures tests on on each of the 15 participants, comparing outcomes for no intervention and 10 different interventions in the form of variations in parameter-settings of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, with gradually increasing current amplitude until induction of ankle plantar flexion.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 18-99 years of age * Voluntary participation
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnancy * Pacemaker * Ongoing thromboprophylaxis * Skin wounds * Vascular abnormalities * Previous vascular system surgery in the lower limbs
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peak venous velocity (PVV) | Day 1 at rest (baseline, no intervention) and when ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Peak venous velocity (centimeters per second) will be assesed by Doppler ultrasound of in the popliteal vein |
| Time averaged mean velocity (TAMV) | Day 1 at rest (baseline, no intervention) and when ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Time averaged mean velocity will be assesed by Doppler ultrasound in the popliteal vein (centimeters per second) |
| Average duration of blood pulse (ADBP) | Day 1 at rest (baseline, no intervention) and when ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Average duration of blood pulse will be assesed by Doppler ultrasound in the popliteal vein (seconds) |
| Ejection volume (EV) | Day 1 at rest (baseline, no intervention) and when ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Ejection volume of blood will be assesed by Doppler ultrasound in the popliteal vein (milliliters) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Current amplitude | Day 1 during ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Current amplitude in milliampere (mA) will be assessed by using stepwise increases (typically 1mA) on the NMES device until a plantar flexion is induced |
| Energy | Day 1 during ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Energy per stimulation cycle in millijoule (mJ) will be assessed by using stepwise increases (typically 1mA) on the NMES device until a plantar flexion is induced, at which point the energy consumption (mJ) is calculated. |
| Numerical rating scale (NRS) | Day 1 during ankle plantar flexion was induced by the intervention | Discomfort estimated using a numerical rating scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) |
Countries
Sweden
Outcome results
None listed