Dental Anxiety
Conditions
Brief summary
The present study aims to assess and compare the effectiveness of distraction technique using virtual reality glasses and white noise with basic behavior guidance techniques on dental anxiety in children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder.
Interventions
DEVICEVirtual Reality Glasses (VR)
Children allocated to this group will be distracted using VR glasses during dental treatment which is an individual headset that has earphones incorporated. Age-appropriate cartoons and movies will be shown to the children. The VR glasses will be then introduced to the children. The children will be given time to accommodate with the device before starting the procedure. The VR glasses will be applied during the dental examination and treatment.
OTHERWhite noise
Wireless kids' headphones will be introduced to the children allocated to this group. They will be given some time to accommodate with the headphones. Then, the white noise will be played and children will be asked to concentrate on the music during the procedure. White noise stimulus will be set at 70 decibels, within the normal conversation volume range and below what is considered harmful to hearing. The white noise of rain sound, managed with an iPhone application called Muse. The decibel level of white noise will be calibrated using a portable digital sound level meter
BEHAVIORALBasic behavior management techniques
Children allocated to this group will be managed by the basic behavior guidance techniques: (Tell-Show-Do). No adjunctive distraction tool will be used.
Sponsors
Alexandria University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
7 Years to 10 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Children diagnosed with ADHD according to the DSM-V criteria and diagnosis confirmed by a pediatric neurologist. * All children should be on stimulant medication. * No previous dental experience. * Written consent of the legal guardian.
Exclusion criteria
* Children with physical disabilities or other psychiatric disorders. * Children with visual or hearing disabilities. * Patients requiring emergency treatment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dental anxiety assessment | up to one week | This will be assessed using Facial Image Scale (FIS). The FIS comprises one item with a response set of five faces (ranging from a very sad to a very smiley face). Children will be asked to indicate which of the faces they feel most like at that moment, it is a 'state' measure of anxiety that provides an immediate reflection of how the child is feeling. |
| Pulse rate | up to one week | The pulse rate will be measured using a pulse oximeter. Normal range is considered from 70-110. |
| Level of cooperation | up to one week | Venham's Behavior rating scale (VBRS) will be used to evaluate the overall child's behavior. The changes will be recorded to assess the change in the child's cooperation during the procedure. Venham's Behavior rating scale classifies the child's behavior into 6 categories with scores ranging from 0 to 5. A score of 0 means total cooperation and a score of 5 refers to complete absence of compliance and cooperation and the requirement of physical restraint. The operator will assign a score to each child based on the child's behavior by analysis of the recorded videotape. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed