Obesity
Conditions
Brief summary
This is a study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of K-757 alone and in combination with K-833 versus placebo in participants who are obese.
Interventions
DRUGK-757 120 mg BID and K-833 100 mg BID
K-757 was titrated to the maintenance dose of 120 mg twice daily (BID) by Day 22. K-833 was initiated at 100 mg once daily in the morning (QAM) and was titrated to the maintenance dose of 100 mg BID on Day 8. Both administered orally.
DRUGK-757 120 mg BID and matching placebo to K-833
K-757 was titrated to the maintenance dose of 120 mg twice daily (BID) by Day 22. Both administered orally.
Both administered orally.
Sponsors
Kallyope Inc.
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Understand the trial procedures and agree to participate by providing written informed consent prior to trial related activities. Trial-related activities are any procedures that are carried out as part of the trial, including activities to determine suitability for the trial. 2. Be willing and able to comply with the study schedule of visits, all trial procedures and restrictions, including following study diet requirements. 3. Be a male or female, age 18 to 70 years, inclusive, at the time of signing informed consent. 4. Have a body mass index (BMI) of 30.0 to \<40.0. kg/m2, inclusive. 5. History of at least one self-reported unsuccessful dietary effort to lose body weight. 6. Be weight stable (\<5% variation) over the last 3 months (by subject report). 7. Be a nonsmoker or has smoked ≤10 cigarettes per week for at least 3 months and agrees not to exceed this for the duration of study participation; has not used other nicotine containing products (e.g. other forms of tobacco, nicotine patch, e cigarettes, vapes) for at least 3 months and agrees to abstain from such products throughout study participation. 8. Meet the following requirements: 1. Is a male who agrees to all of the following: * To use an appropriate method of contraception, including a condom which must include spermicidal cream or jelly, from the first dose of study drug until 14 days after the last dose of study drug. A male subject who had a vasectomy procedure must follow the same restrictions as a non vasectomized man. * If partner is pregnant, to use a condom * To not donate sperm from the first dose of study drug until 14 days after the last dose of study drug. OR 2. Is a female who is of non-childbearing potential defined by at least 1 of the following criteria: * Postmenopausal (aged \>45 years and with a minimum of 12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea with a Screening serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the menopausal range established for the central laboratory. * Post hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral salpingectomy, based on the subject's recall of their medical history. OR 3. Is a female of reproductive potential and: * agrees to not donate eggs from the first dose of study drug until 14 days after the last dose of study drug. * agrees to remain abstinent from heterosexual activity or * agrees to use (or have their partner use) a birth control method that is highly effective and has low user dependency from the first dose of study drug until 14 days after the last dose of study drug. Acceptable methods of birth control are: * Progestogen-only implant (e.g. etonogestrel implant) * Intrauterine device (IUD) * Intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS) * Bilateral tubal occlusion * Vasectomized partner
Exclusion criteria
Glycemia related: 1. Has a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol) as measured by the central laboratory at screening. 2. Has a history of clinically significant endocrine disease including T2DM. Note: A history of hypothyroidism does not require exclusion if the subject has been on a stable dose of thyroid hormone replacement (thyroxine) for at least 3 months prior to screening and the screening thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is within the central laboratory normal range. 3. Has a history of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. 4. Had treatment with any glucose-lowering agent(s) within 90 days before screening. Obesity related: 5. Had treatment with any medication approved for the treatment of obesity or any investigational agent being tested for obesity treatment within the past 6 months before screening. 6. Has been treated with/used any other medication, supplement, or device for the purpose of promoting weight loss (regardless of whether they are approved or promoted for the purpose of weight loss) in the 90 days prior to screening. 7. Treatment with any glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist in the prior 6 months. 8. Participation in an organized weight reduction program (e.g. Weight Watchers) within 90 days of screening. 9. Had a previous or has a planned (during the trial period) obesity treatment with surgery or a weight loss device. Note: Prior liposuction and/or abdominoplasty are not exclusionary if performed \>2 years before screening). 10. Has uncontrolled thyroid disease, defined as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) outside (above or below) the reference range of the central laboratory at screening or has any history of Grave's disease. 11. Obesity is induced by an endocrine disorder (e.g. Cushing's disease). Mental health: 12. Has a history of major depressive disorder within 2 years before screening unless all of the following criteria are met: 1. the depressive disorder has always been unipolar (no history of mania or hypomania) 2. in the opinion of the investigator, depressive symptoms have been stable and well controlled for ≥ 2 years prior to screening. 3. any anti-depressant drug-treatment regimens (medications and doses) have been stable for ≥6 months prior to screening. 13. Has any history of other severe psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) that was not clearly attributable to an intercurrent event/life circumstance, self-limited and fully resolved ≥1 year prior to screening. 14. On the screening Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), has an overall score ≥15 or has a score \>0 for Question # 9 (Thoughts that you would be better off dead or of hurting yourself). 15. Has any lifetime history of suicide attempt or suicidal behavior. Note: Suicidal behavior includes any acts/preparation toward making a suicide attempt whether the attempt is never initiated or is initiated but interrupted by self or another person. 16. Use of any anti-psychotic agents for any purpose within 2 years before screening. 17. Use of prohibited classes of anti-depressant agents, for any purpose, within 6 months of screening. Note: Use of allowable classes of anti-depressant agents is permitted only if the anti-depressant regimen (agents and doses) has been stable for ≥6 months prior to screening and is not anticipated to change during the trial period. General Safety: 18. Has a recent history (within the past 3 years of the screening visit) or current diagnosis of clinically significant hematological, immunological, renal, respiratory, neurologic, or genitourinary abnormalities or diseases. 19. Has a recent history (within past 3 years of the screening visit) or current diagnosis of any of the following GI (gastro intestinal) related diseases: intestinal obstruction, GI perforation, adhesions, Clostridium difficile colitis or have had recent unexplained GI bleeding within 3 months prior to screening. 20. Has any history of pancreatitis (acute or chronic), gastroparesis, ischemic colitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or celiac disease. 21. Has any personal or first-degree relative history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 or medullary thyroid carcinoma. 22. Has a screening estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) estimated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation of \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2. 23. Has a history of malignant neoplasms within the past 5 years prior to screening. Basal and squamous cell skin cancer and any carcinoma in-situ are allowed if they have received treatment and follow-up consistent with local standard of care. 24. Has any history of cardiovascular disease including stable and unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack, stroke, cardiac decompensation, clinically significant arrhythmias, clinically significant conduction disorders, or any history or heart failure. 25. Has any surgery scheduled for the duration of the trial, except for minor surgical procedures, in the opinion of the investigator. 26. Has a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. 27. Has any active liver disease other than non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or any gallbladder disease that has been active/symptomatic within 6 months of screening. 28. Has a positive test result for hepatitis B surface antigen (Ag), hepatitis C virus antibody, or HIV antibody, at the Screening Visit. Note: Participants with positive hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus serology may be enrolled if quantitative polymerase chain reaction for hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid is negative. 29. Has alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase (ALT or AST) of \>2.0X upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin \>1.5X ULN at the Screening visit. Note: An isolated bilirubin \>1.5X ULN is acceptable if bilirubin is fractionated, and direct bilirubin is within the laboratory normal range. 30. Has serum amylase or lipase \>1.2X the ULN at the Screening visit. 31. Has a triglycerides value of \>600mg/dL at the Screening visit (if value is ≥600 mg/dL and the sample was obtained in the non-fasted state, a repeat fasting determination may be obtained to assess eligibility). 32. Has a corrected QT interval to Fridericia's formula (QTcF) \>450 milliseconds (msec) for males and \>470 msec for females at screening. 33. Has a mean value for triplicate semi-recumbent systolic blood pressure \>160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP) \>95 mmHg measured after at least 10 minutes at rest at the Screening Visit. Note: If a subject's BP is exclusionary on the first triplicate assessment at the Screening visit, they may have 1 repeat triplicate BP assessment at that visit after another rest of at least 10 minutes. If a participant's BP is exclusionary on 2 assessments at the Screening visit, the investigator can, at their discretion, adjust and/or add anti-hypertensive medications and re-assess triplicate BP up to twice prior to dosing at the Randomization visit (Visit 2). Anti-hypertensive regimens must be ≤2 agents that do not include verapamil. If a participant's BP is exclusionary at the Screening visit and the Randomization visit (Visit 2), they must be excluded. 34. Has known history or suspected abuse of alcohol or recreational drugs at Screening. 35. Has excessive consumption of alcohol within 6 months prior to screening (\>14 drinks/week for men and \>7 drinks/week for women, where l drink= 5 ounces \[150 mL\] of wine or 12 ounces \[360 mL\] of beer or 1.5 ounces \[45 mL\] of hard liquor) or use of soft drugs (such as marijuana or any substances containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD)) within 3 months prior to Screening, or hard drugs (such as cocaine) within 6 months prior to Screening. 36. Has a positive drug screen at Screening. 37. Has known or suspected hypersensitivity to trial product(s) or related products. 38. Has a history of multiple significant and/or any severe allergies (e.g., food, drug, latex allergy) or has had an anaphylactic reaction or significant intolerance to prescription or nonprescription drugs or food. 39. Has previous participation in this trial. Participation is defined as signed informed consent. 40. Has participated in any clinical trial of an approved or non-approved investigational medicinal product within 90 days before screening. 41. Had major surgery or donated or lost 1 unit of blood (approximately 500 mL) within 4 weeks prior to the Screening Visit. 42. Is a female who is pregnant, breast-feeding or intends to become pregnant during the planned course of the study. Note: Participants must have a negative serum pregnancy test (β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)) performed by the central laboratory prior to enrollment in the study and prior to the randomization visit. 43. Is currently in violation of study requirements for prohibited and permissible concomitant medications or is anticipated to violate these requirements during study participation. 44. Has any disorder, unwillingness or inability, not covered by any of the other
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Percentage Change From Baseline in Body Weight (%) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | 13 weeks |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Proportion of Participants Achieving ≥5% Weight Loss After 13 Weeks of Treatment | 13 weeks | — |
| Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight (kg) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | 13 weeks | — |
| Proportion of Participants Who Experienced 1 or More Treatment-emergent AEs | 15 weeks | This outcome is descriptive and no formal statistical analysis was performed. |
| Proportion of Participants Who Discontinued Study Medication Due to an AE | 13 weeks | This outcome is descriptive and no formal statistical analysis was performed. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Placebo to K-757 and K-833 Matching placebo to K-757 and matching placebo to K-833: Both administered orally | 52 |
| K-757 Alone K-757 120 mg BID and matching placebo to K-833. Both Administered orally | 51 |
| K-757+K-833 K-757 120 mg BID and K-833 100 mg BID. Both administered orally | 52 |
| Total | 155 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 7 | 6 | 5 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Placebo to K-757 and K-833 | K-757 Alone | K-757+K-833 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants | 15 Participants | 4 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 49 Participants | 36 Participants | 48 Participants | 133 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 47.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.93 | 50.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.84 | 49.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.9 | 48.9 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.37 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 8 Participants | 10 Participants | 10 Participants | 28 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 44 Participants | 40 Participants | 42 Participants | 126 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 6 Participants | 5 Participants | 11 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 45 Participants | 44 Participants | 41 Participants | 130 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 52 Participants | 51 Participants | 52 Participants | 155 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 35 Participants | 35 Participants | 35 Participants | 105 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 17 Participants | 16 Participants | 17 Participants | 50 Participants |
| Weight | 100.21 kg STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.426 | 99.36 kg STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.979 | 100.03 kg STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.83 | 99.87 kg STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.994 |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 52 | 0 / 51 | 0 / 52 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 31 / 52 | 41 / 51 | 42 / 52 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 52 | 0 / 51 | 0 / 52 |
Outcome results
Primary
Percentage Change From Baseline in Body Weight (%) After 13 Weeks of Treatment
Time frame: 13 weeks
Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat Population
| Arm | Measure | Value (LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo to K-757 and K-833 | Percentage Change From Baseline in Body Weight (%) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | -0.15 % Change from Baseline | Standard Error 0.562 |
| K-757 Alone | Percentage Change From Baseline in Body Weight (%) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | -1.57 % Change from Baseline | Standard Error 0.566 |
| K-757+K-833 | Percentage Change From Baseline in Body Weight (%) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | -2.94 % Change from Baseline | Standard Error 0.587 |
p-value: 0.0756Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: For the primary endpoint of percentage change from baseline in body weight, a sample size of 150 participants (stratified by gender and randomized 1:1:1 into three treatment arms) provided \>95% power to detect a treatment difference of 4% weight reduction after 13 weeks of treatment with a 2-sided alpha of 0.05, assuming a standard deviation of 4% and 20% drop out.p-value: 0.0008Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight (kg) After 13 Weeks of Treatment
Time frame: 13 weeks
Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat
| Arm | Measure | Value (LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo to K-757 and K-833 | Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight (kg) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | -0.09 kg | Standard Error 0.582 |
| K-757 Alone | Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight (kg) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | -1.64 kg | Standard Error 0.587 |
| K-757+K-833 | Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight (kg) After 13 Weeks of Treatment | -3.11 kg | Standard Error 0.609 |
p-value: 0.0616Mixed Models Analysis
p-value: 0.0004Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Proportion of Participants Who Discontinued Study Medication Due to an AE
This outcome is descriptive and no formal statistical analysis was performed.
Time frame: 13 weeks
Population: Safety Analysis Set
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo to K-757 and K-833 | Proportion of Participants Who Discontinued Study Medication Due to an AE | 2 Participants |
| K-757 Alone | Proportion of Participants Who Discontinued Study Medication Due to an AE | 9 Participants |
| K-757+K-833 | Proportion of Participants Who Discontinued Study Medication Due to an AE | 14 Participants |
Secondary
Proportion of Participants Who Experienced 1 or More Treatment-emergent AEs
This outcome is descriptive and no formal statistical analysis was performed.
Time frame: 15 weeks
Population: Safety Analysis Set
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo to K-757 and K-833 | Proportion of Participants Who Experienced 1 or More Treatment-emergent AEs | 31 Participants |
| K-757 Alone | Proportion of Participants Who Experienced 1 or More Treatment-emergent AEs | 41 Participants |
| K-757+K-833 | Proportion of Participants Who Experienced 1 or More Treatment-emergent AEs | 42 Participants |
Secondary
The Proportion of Participants Achieving ≥5% Weight Loss After 13 Weeks of Treatment
Time frame: 13 weeks
Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat Population
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo to K-757 and K-833 | The Proportion of Participants Achieving ≥5% Weight Loss After 13 Weeks of Treatment | 6 Participants |
| K-757 Alone | The Proportion of Participants Achieving ≥5% Weight Loss After 13 Weeks of Treatment | 9 Participants |
| K-757+K-833 | The Proportion of Participants Achieving ≥5% Weight Loss After 13 Weeks of Treatment | 11 Participants |
p-value: 0.8366Regression, Logistic
p-value: 0.1848Regression, Logistic