Healthy Adults, Stroke
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aims to compare the effects of mirror therapy combined with either neuromuscular electrical stimulation or binaural beat stimulation on post-stroke lower limb motor function recovery. The study also explores the relationship between patients' cortical excitability and motor function improvement.
Interventions
OTHERMirror Therapy
Sitting, mirror place at the midline between the legs. Unaffected leg is placed in front of the mirror and perform ankle dorsiflexion exercises. Duration: 5 seconds, Rest: 5 seconds
OTHERMirror Therapy + Electrical Stimulation
Same as the mirror therapy protocol. Affected leg: electrical stimulation on tibialis anterior muscle. Frequency: 35 Hz, Pulse width: 250µs, Duration: 5 seconds, Rest: 5 seconds.
OTHERMirror Therapy + Binaural Beat
Same as the mirror therapy protocol. Listen to music (pink noise), with 14Hz binaural beat stimulation
Sponsors
Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
Participants were randomly assigned treatment groups: 1. Mirror Therapy 2. Mirror Therapy + Electrical Stimulation 3. Mirror Therapy + Binaural Beat
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. First occurrence of stroke≧ 6 months 2. Mini-mental state examination≧24 3. Modified Ashworth's scale of ankle muscle ≦3 4. Sit independently≧30 mins 5. Brunnstrom stage ≧3 6. Aged between 20 and 80 years
Exclusion criteria
1. Speech impairment 2. Hearing impairment 3. Visual impairment 4. Other orthopedic diseases or nerve damage 5. Complete sensory impairment 6. Pacemaker or metal implants
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fugl-Meyer assessment, lower extremity | 10minutes | The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower extremity is a scale used to evaluate motor and functional recovery in patients with conditions like stroke. It measures muscle strength, movement control, coordination, and balance. Scores range from 0 (no movement) to 34 (full recovery). Higher scores indicate better recovery. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Modified ashworth scale | 5minutes | The Modified Ashworth Scale assesses muscle spasticity in conditions like stroke or cerebral palsy. Scores range from 0 to 4 or 5, indicating the severity of muscle resistance during passive movement. Higher scores mean more severe spasticity. It guides treatment and tracks progress. |
| Timed up and go test | 5minutes | The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test assesses mobility by measuring the time it takes for someone to stand, walk a short distance, turn, and sit back down. Faster times suggest better mobility, while longer times may indicate mobility limitations or fall risk. It's a useful tool to evaluate functional capacity and guide interventions for improved mobility. |
| The postural assessment scale for stroke patients | 10 minutes | Higher scores on the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS) indicate greater difficulty in postural control and stability after a stroke. |
| Barthel index | 5minutes | The Barthel Index assesses a person's ability to independently perform daily activities. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater independence. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Electroencephalography | 20minutes | Electroencephalography is used obtain power data of total μ (8-12Hz), lower μ (8-10Hz), and upper μ (10-12Hz). μ suppression→ a negative value (\<0) indicates inhibition of μ waves, indicating activation in the motor cortex(Bae et al., 2012). |
Countries
Taiwan
Contacts
Primary ContactLIN JAU HONG, Ph.D.
Backup ContactLIN YEN YU, Master's degree
Outcome results
None listed