Human Papillomavirus Infection
Conditions
Keywords
Galectin-3, Human papillomavirus, Warts, Cryotherapy
Brief summary
This study aimed to assess the serum Galectin-3 levels in patients with warts both before and after cryotherapy and to investigate its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus infection.
Detailed description
Galectin-3 regulates many functions at the cellular level such as cell attachment, proliferation, and apoptosis. Numerous viral illnesses, including human papillomavirus infection, were reported to have elevated serum levels of Galectin-3. . Methods: Fifty patients suffering from warts, and fifty healthy controls were included in this study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum levels of Galectin-3 both before and 2 weeks after the last cryotherapy session.
Interventions
PROCEDUREcryotherapy
Every patient had a cryotherapy session every 2 weeks until complete clearance for a maximum of six sessions and follow-up was done at 3 months after treatment completion to detect any recurrence. Each wart was frozen using the spray technique by CRY-AC Liquid Nitrogen Dispenser Brymill, USA for 10 to 30 seconds until a 1- to 2-mm ice ball halo was formed surrounding the targeted area.
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTserum Galectin-3 assay
From each patient and control, 3 ml venous blood was withdrawn under complete aseptic conditions before treatment and 2 weeks after the last treatment session by a disposable plastic syringe; the collected blood was placed on a plain tube without anticoagulant for 30 min at room temperature till coagulation occurs; after this, centrifugation of tubes was done for 20 min at 1000 rpm. The serum was separated into an aliquot and placed at -20 degrees Celsius for further analysis. Serum Gal-3 was measured using human Galectin-3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits supplied by ELK Biotechnology CO., LTD, Wuhan, China, catalog number (ELK2790) based on the Sandwich-ELISA technique as per the manufacturer's instructions.
Sponsors
Assiut University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Patients with non-genital warts. 2. Age of patients: from 18 to 60 years.
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients with genital and mucosal warts. 2. Pregnancy and breastfeeding. 3. Patients who received any wart treatment during the last month before enrollment in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Serum Galectin-3 levels assessment in patients with cutaneous warts. | 1 year | 3 ml of venous blood from each patient and control was drawn under strict aseptic conditions employing a single-use plastic syringe. Once the blood had been collected, it was put in a simple tube without an anticoagulant and left there for 30 minutes at room temperature until coagulation had taken place. The tubes were then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 20 minutes. For further examination, an aliquot of the serum was taken and stored at 20 degrees Celsius. Human Galectin-3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits with the catalogue number (ELK2790) from ELK Biotechnology CO., LTD, Wuhan, China, were used to quantify serum Gal-3 in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. |
| look at Galectin-3 serum level conceivable contribution to the aetiology of HPV infection, and determine how cryotherapy affected serum Galectin-3 levels. | 1 year | All patients had a thorough medical history taken, which included information on their age, sex, occupation, the number of warts, their location, size, and past treatments, as well as any previous systemic or skin conditions or drug use. A thorough examination was performed on each patient to determine the location, kind, size, and number of warts as well as to rule out any systemic or other skin conditions. Before and two weeks after the last cryotherapy treatment session, serum Galectin-3 was assessed. Every patient had a cryotherapy session every 2 weeks until complete clearance for a maximum of six sessions and follow-up was done at 3 months after treatment completion to detect any recurrence. Each wart was frozen using the spray technique by CRY-AC Liquid Nitrogen Dispenser Brymill, USA for 10 to 30 seconds until an ice ball halo of 1 to 2 mm diameter encircled the intended area. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed