Diabetes Mellitus
Conditions
Brief summary
Exhaled volatile organic compounds will be measured during daytime with the goal to identifying circadian variability. The study incudes three subgroups: people without diabetes, people with type 1 diabetes, and people with type 2 diabetes. A total of 60 people will be recruited for the study.
Interventions
OTHERStandardized meal
The participants will receive a standardized meal for breakfast
Sponsors
Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern
DCB Research AG
University of Bern
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
OTHER
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Subgroup 1: * Age 18 or older * HbA1c below 6.5% * Written informed consent Subgroup 2: * Age 18 or older * T1D (Type 1 diabetes) with MDI (multiple daily injection) or CSII (Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy) therapy \>1 year * Written informed consent Subgroup 3 * Age 18 or older * T2D (Type 2 diabetes) with oral antidiabetic medication or insulin therapy * Written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Smoking (last cigarette less than 6 months ago) * Any chronical lung and intestinal disease diagnosis (such as intestinal bowel disease (IBD); asthma; COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease); lung cancer, …) * Coeliac disease * Lactose and fructose intolerance * Any acute disease diagnosis (such as viral or bacterial infection) * Drinking habit of more than four units of alcohol per day * Current inhaled medicines treatments * Antibiotic treatment in the previous 4 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| VOC Patterns over time as gallery plots | During the study procedure (approximately 8 hours) | Gallery plots (3D visualization of retention index, drift time, ion current) from selected VOC peaks over time. |
| VOC Patterns over time as boxplots | During the study procedure (approximately 8 hours) | Box plots from selected VOC peaks over time. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Capillary blood glucose | During the study procedure (approximately 8 hours) | Correlation between capillary blood glucose and VOCs |
| Correlation between VOCs in breath intestinal microbiota | day 1 | Correlation between VOCs in breath and intestinal microbiota species abundance |
| Correlation between VOCs in breath oral microbiota | day 1 | Correlation between VOCs in breath and oral microbiota species abundance |
| Correlation between VOCs and subgroups | day 1 or 8 hours | Wilcoxon signed-rank test will be used to explore if the patterns in VOCs differ between subgroup: people without diabetes, people living with T1D, and people living with T2D |
Countries
Switzerland
Contacts
Primary ContactLilian Witthauer
Outcome results
None listed