Health Behavior
Conditions
Brief summary
This community-engaged project aims to improve the accessibility of rapid tests through a supported employment program for people who inject drugs (PWID). The overall goal is to develop a transformative community-driven intervention in partnership with a community partner to promote widespread access to rapid testing among PWID.
Detailed description
The program is called Peer Connect2Test (PeerC2T). PWID will be recruited by a community partner who provides syringe exchange services. The community partner will train PWID to become peer health workers (PHW) to distribute SARS-CoV-2 rapid tests to other PWID. Investigators expect that PeerC2T will improve knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors among PHWs.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSupported Employment
PeerC2T is part of a supported employment program where PWID are trained and supported to provide PWID with job skills to be able to act as Peer Health Workers to facilitate the distribution of rapid SARS-CoV-2 testing to other PWID. The effect of the training on the Peer Health Worker themself will be evaluated.
Sponsors
University of Oregon
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 18 and older * Able to speak and understand English
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Participant Peer Well-Being (Flourishing Scale) | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Participant well-being was computed as the mean of eight items with a 7-point response option (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree). The internal consistency, as measured with Cronbach's alpha (α), was .90, scores could range from 1 to 7, and higher scores indicated greater levels of well-being. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Health Communication Self-Efficacy | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Health communication self-efficacy was computed as the mean score of 14 items with a 5-point response option (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). The internal consistency, as measured with Cronbach's alpha (α), was .97; scores could range from 1 to 5, and higher scores indicated greater self-efficacy. |
| Peer Support Self-Efficacy | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Peer support self-efficacy, an Aim 1 measure, was computed as the mean score of 18 items with a 5-point response option (1 = not at all confident, 5 = very confident). The internal consistency, as measured with Cronbach's alpha (α), was .96; scores could range from 1 to 5, and higher scores indicated greater self-efficacy. |
| COVID-19 Knowledge | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | COVID-19 knowledge was computed as the number of correctly endorsed items. Five items were presented to test knowledge of COVID-19. Scores could range from 0 to 5, and higher scores indicate greater levels of COVID-19 knowledge. |
| HIV Knowledge | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | HIV knowledge was computed as the number of correctly endorsed items. Four items were presented to test understanding of HIV. Scores could range from 0 to 4, and higher scores indicate greater levels of HIV knowledge. |
| Hepatitis C Knowledge | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Hepatitis C knowledge was computed as the number of correctly endorsed items. Five items were presented to test understanding of HIV. Scores could range from 0 to 5, and higher scores indicate greater levels of hepatitis C knowledge. |
| Syphilis Knowledge | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Syphilis knowledge was computed as the number of correctly endorsed items. Five items were presented to test understanding of HIV. Scores could range from 0 to 5, and higher scores indicate greater levels of Syphilis knowledge. |
| Naloxone Knowledge | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Naloxone knowledge was computed as the number of correctly endorsed items. Five items were presented to test understanding of HIV. Scores could range from 0 to 5, and higher scores indicate greater levels of naloxone knowledge. |
| Harm Reduction Risk Behaviors - Number of Times a Person Injected Drugs | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Harm reduction risk behaviors included behaviors that occurred in the past month, and a higher score indicated greater levels of risky behavior. The injected drugs score was the total number of times a person reported they had injected drugs. |
| Harm Reduction Risk Behaviors - Number of Times a Person Used Needles | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Harm reduction risk behaviors included behaviors that occurred in the past month. The needle use score was a count of number of times they used a needle after someone else had used it (0 = none, 5 = more than 10 times), number of different people who used a needle before they had (0 = none, 5 = more than 10 times), number of times someone used a needle after they had (0 = none, 5 = more than 10 times), and before using needles how often they used bleach to clean the needles (0 = don't reuse, 5 = never). Scores could range from 0 to 20, and a higher score indicated a greater level of needle risky behaviors. |
| Harm Reduction Risk Behaviors - Number of Times Person Engaged in Risky Intercourse Behaviors | Assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up | Harm reduction risk behaviors included behaviors that occurred in the past month. The intercourse score was a count of the number of people a person had sex within the last month (0 = none, 5 = more than 10 people), the number of times a person used condoms when having sex with regular partner(s) in the last month (0 = no regular partner, 6 = never), how often they used condoms when they paid for sex (0 = not paid sex, 5 = never), how often they used condoms when having sex with casual partners (0 = no casual partners, 5 = never), and how many times they had anal sex in the last month (0 = 0 times, 5 = more than 5 times). Scores could range from 0 to 26, and a higher score indicated a greater level of intercourse risky behaviors. |
Countries
United States
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | — |
|---|---|
| Age, Customized Participants | 44.7 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 4 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 98 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Highest level of education Don't know | 13 Participants |
| Highest level of education High school graduate or GED | 33 Participants |
| Highest level of education Less than high school | 16 Participants |
| Highest level of education Prefer not to answer | 1 Participants |
| Highest level of education Some college | 39 Participants |
| Housing Status Permanent housing | 19 Participants |
| Housing Status Prefer not to answer | 1 Participants |
| Housing Status Temporary housing | 23 Participants |
| Housing Status Unhoused | 59 Participants |
| Income in Past Month $1000-$2000 | 16 Participants |
| Income in Past Month Don't know | 11 Participants |
| Income in Past Month Less than $1000 | 72 Participants |
| Income in Past Month More than $2000 | 1 Participants |
| Income in Past Month Prefer not to answer | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 7 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 10 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 5 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 77 Participants |
| Recieve Social Security Income No | 77 Participants |
| Recieve Social Security Income Qualified but not receiving | 5 Participants |
| Recieve Social Security Income Unsure | 2 Participants |
| Recieve Social Security Income Yes | 18 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 102 participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Fluid | 0 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Intersex | 0 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Man | 54 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized More than one category | 5 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Non-binary | 1 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Other | 0 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Prefer not to answer | 2 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Trans | 0 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Woman | 40 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 102 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 102 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 102 |
Outcome results
None listed