Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Conditions
Brief summary
The objective of this proposal is to investigate the acute effects of whole-body passive heat therapy using far-infrared technology on vascular function, exercise capacity, and renal function in CKD patients. The central hypothesis is that an acute bout of whole-body passive heat therapy will be well-tolerated and lead to acute improvements in large blood vessel (macrovascular) function, small blood vessel (microvascular) function, and exercise capacity without significantly altering markers of acute kidney injury.
Interventions
PROCEDUREWhole-body Passive Heat Therapy (HT)
The whole-body passive heat therapy (HT) intervention will consist of an acute bout of infrared sauna for 25 minutes at 60°C. Participants will lie supine on a memory foam pad.
PROCEDUREThermoneutral Control (CON)
Participants will remain in a room temperature environment (22°C) underneath the infrared domes for 25 minutes.
Sponsors
Virginia Commonwealth University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
for participants with CKD: * Age \> 18 years old * Stage 2-4 CKD
Exclusion criteria
for participants with CKD: * Unstable medical conditions characterized by frequent or unpredictable biological, chemical, or psychological changes * Uncontrolled hypertension * Current fluid restrictions * End stage kidney disease or currently on dialysis treatment * Body weight \< 40kg * Exhibits any contraindications to exercise as per ACSM guidelines * Regular tobacco and/or nicotine use * History of heat-related illness * Participates in regular exercise and/or sauna use * Current hormone replacement therapy * Pacemaker or electro-medical implant * Persons with or at risk of intestinal disorders including gastroporesis * History of diverticula * Persons who have undergone surgical procedures in the GI tract * Swallowing disorders * Chron's disease * Current pregnancy * Inability to provide informed consent
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Renal Safety of Heat Therapy | Change from baseline to 90 minutes after intervention | Change in urinary NGAL |
| Tolerability of Heat Therapy as Assessed using Validated Questionnaires of Thermal Perception | During 25 minute intervention | Self reported perception of heat using the the Thermal Sensation Scale. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Conduit artery endothelial function | 90 minutes after intervention | Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation assessed by high-resolution duplex ultrasound. |
| Lower Limb Microvascular Function | 90 minutes after intervention | Lower limb microvascular function will be assessed with high-resolution duplex ultrasound during passive leg movement (PLM) technique. |
| Exercise Capacity | 90 minutes after intervention | The 6-minute walk test distance. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed