Flatfoot
Conditions
Brief summary
To investigate the effect of various foot positions affect knee and ankle proprioception, balance, vertical jump, and muscle activity in individuals with flexible and rigid flatfoot and chronic ankle instability
Interventions
OTHERNo intervention
No intervention
Sponsors
Beni-Suef University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CROSSOVER
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 24 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* The inclusion criteria were the presence of FF and chronic ankle instability in the dominant foot. Flexible and rigid flat feet were initially diagnosed by an orthopedist using a weight-bearing position with a standardized radiograph technique. The digital X-ray detector (film) and the X-ray tube (source) are 35-40 inches apart in lateral views of the foot. Then, Jack's test was performed to differentiate between the flexible and rigid FF. Jack's test is a valid test in assessing FF 10. Finally, people with flexible a second degree FF (Meary's angle between 15° to 30°) 3 were included in this study. The degree of flatfoot was determined by measuring the talus-first metatarsal angle on a lateral weight-bearing radiograph. This angle lies between a line drawn from the centers of the longitudinal axes of the talus and the first metatarsal. An angle that is greater than 4° convex downward is considered pes planus with an angle of 15° - 30° considered moderate, and greater than 30° severe 8. Chronic ankle instability was defined as the subject had a minimum of 2 acute ankle sprains, in the last 6 months, associated with pain, swelling, and a record of various ankle giving way. The determination of the dominant foot followed Vauhnik. & ark, modified version which stated that the dominant foot should be used minimally in 2 of the 3 subsequent activities: (1) Using the leg to step over a spider toy, (2) Drawing a diamond figure on the ground and (3) Kicking a ball.
Exclusion criteria
* The
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| knee proprioception | 2-3 months | knee proprioception |
| ankle proprioception | 2-3 months | ankle proprioception |
| Vertical jump measurements | 2-3 months | Vertical jump measurements |
| Electromyographical activity (EMG) | 2-3 months | Electromyographical activity (EMG) |
Outcome results
None listed