Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
Conditions
Brief summary
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) diagnosis is based on the demonstration of a BCR-ABL fusion transcript expressed by the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome by RQ-PCR and/or the demonstration of t(9;22)(q34;q11) by conventional karyotyping or interphase FISH. As per standard practice, response to therapy is monitored using either molecular or cytogenetic tests or both; specifically, patients are monitored by quantitative PCR on peripheral blood, supplemented by bone marrow karyotyping if it was clinically indicated. ABL kinase mutational analysis is carried out when the transcript ratio has increased over two sequential samples or on clinical demand. Testing for T315I mutation is also performed for patients who fail to respond to first line TKI and all patients who acquire TKI resistance over the course of their treatment. Data collection is initiated six months after date of diagnosis; research nurses working to agreed operating procedures and data standards visit each of the 14 hospitals in the region and abstract a core clinical dataset from the patients' medical records. The information collected includes demographic details, baseline blood count data and first line treatment. All details are abstracted onto structured forms and entered onto the web-based system, which integrates Haematological Malignancy Research Network (HMRN) and Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service (HMDS) data. An important feature of data acquisition is the emphasis on primary source information; data from radiology reports, blood tests, clinical examination, and clinician summaries are recorded, enabling embedded algorithms in the database system to automatically generate stage and prognostic scores. Further data abstraction from the medical records has been undertaken to capture information on subsequent treatment lines. Information on date and cause of death were obtained from the National Health Service (NHS) Central Register.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
• Adult (18+ years) patients newly diagnosed with CML in chronic phase (ICD-O-3: 9875/3) by HMDS between 1st September, 2004 to 31st August, 2019 whilst resident in the HMRN region and treated within the Network.
Exclusion criteria
None specified.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of patients who received tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), by treatment llne | Up to 18 years |
| Year treatment started, by TKI | Up to 18 years |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Reason for switching TKI | Up to 12 months | — |
| Number of patients tested for T315I mutation by treatment line | Up to 12 months | — |
| Overall survival (OS) | Up to 10 years | OS was defined as the time (in years) from initiation of treatment (i.e., the index date) to death (any cause). |
| Number of patients with response to TKIs | Up to 12 months | Disease response was defined as either a major molecular response (MMR, ≤ 0.1% BCR-ABL1) or as an MR2, which is a molecular response (MR, ≤ 1.0% BCR-ABL1), or complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR). |
| Time to treatment discontinuation | Up to 10 years | — |
| Relative survival by treatment line | Up to 10 years | Relative survival (RS) was estimated to examine the CML-specific mortality rate. The Stata program strel (v1.2.7) was used to estimate RS and corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI); with age and sex-specific background mortality rates being obtained from national life tables. |
| Progression-free survival | Up to 10 years | PFS was defined from the initiation of treatment (i.e., the index date) to the earliest documentation of disease progression to accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC) or date of death from any cause. |
| Time to response to TKIs | Up to 12 months | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed