Pediatric Cancer
Conditions
Brief summary
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are serious side effects of cancer treatment that can have a significant negative impact on a patient's quality of life. Although the prevalence of nausea and vomiting has significantly decreased due to the implementation of new antiemetic drugs, several studies revealed that approximately 30% to 60% of patients still complain of acute or delayed chemotherapy-induced emesis. It is estimated that slow infusion of ondansetron in combination with dexamethasone can provide long-lasting stable concentrations of drugs in the blood serum contributing to better effect development. Therefore, the investigators suggest a continuous infusion of the above-mentioned drug combination as an alternative with potential superior activity.
Detailed description
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are serious side effects of cancer treatment that can have a significant negative impact on a patient's quality of life. It is estimated that 70-80% of patients receiving different chemotherapy regimens can experience emesis. Although the prevalence of nausea and vomiting has significantly decreased due to the implementation of new antiemetic drugs, several studies revealed that approximately 30% to 60% of patients still complain of acute or delayed chemotherapy-induced emesis. Currently, the three categories of drugs with the highest therapeutic index for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, NK1 receptor antagonists, and glucocorticoids (particularly Dexamethasone). Second-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and NK1 receptor antagonists are more effective due to their prolonged influence but are very expensive and not available in the majority of resource-limited settings. Moreover, NK1 receptor antagonists are not still widely recommended for use in children \< 12 years of age. First-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in combination with Dexamethasone have proven superior activity compared to single agents. It is estimated that slow infusion of the above-mentioned agents can provide long-lasting stable concentrations of drugs in the blood serum contributing to better effect development. It has been shown that Ondansetron continuous infusion has superior efficacy in preventing postsurgical nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the investigators suggest a continuous infusion of first-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in combination with Dexamethasone as an alternative with potential superior activity.
Interventions
DRUGOndansetron
Patients will receive age-adjusted doses of ondansetron 5mg/m2
DRUGDexamethasone
Patients will receive dexamethasone 4mg/m2
Sponsors
Immune Oncology Research Institute
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
The experimental group will receive intravenous push injections of 0.9% sodium chloride before each infusion, and the control group will receive a 4-hour infusion of sodium chloride after each dose of push injection.
Intervention model description
Each patient will serve as his or her own control. Study participants will be randomly assigned to the sequence of treatment. If the patient is assigned to the experimental arm during the first cycle of chemotherapy, he or she will receive the comparator treatment during the second cycle and vice versa. Treatment modalities will follow each other throughout the whole study period. Mean nausea score during each chemotherapy cycle will be calculated. To achieve statistically significant results, 140 chemotherapy cycles must be included in the analysis.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
No minimum to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients aged from 1 day to 18 years who are diagnosed with cancer and are eligible for chemotherapy. * Voluntarily agree to participate by giving written parental permission and child assent. * Patients with sufficient cardiac function, as determined by the investigator.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions or anaphylaxis related to the use of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. * Patients receiving concurrent chemo-radiation therapy. * Patients diagnosed with cardiac arrhythmias and congenital long QT interval syndrome. * Known clinically significant drug interactions between chemotherapeutic agents and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and/or Dexamethasone (e.g. more than 0.8 mg/ml concentrations of 5-fluorouracil may cause precipitation of ondansetron).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mean nausea score per patient | 20 months | Mean nausea score will be calculated as a weighted average of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) or Baxter Animated Retching Faces (BARF) scale observations during each cycle of chemotherapy. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Correlation between mean nausea score and demographic variables | 20 months |
| Correlation between mean nausea score and disease characteristics | 20 months |
Countries
Armenia
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORJulieta Hoveyan, MD
Immune Oncology Research Institute
STUDY_CHAIRRuzanna Papyan, MD
Immune Oncology Research Institute
STUDY_CHAIRSamvel Bardakhchyan, MD, PhD
Immune Oncology Research Institute
STUDY_DIRECTORGevorg Tamamyan, MD, PhD, DSc
Immune Oncology Research Institute
Outcome results
None listed