Tailoring CPP for the Foster Care Setting

The Child Adjustment & Parent Efficacy Scale, Total Intensity subscale is a 27-item measure of child behavior and emotional problems. Item responses are rated on a 4-point scale, ranging from 0 (Not true of my child at all) to 3 (True of my child very much/Most of the time). Twenty-four items are summed to yield a Behavior Problems score (range 0-72), and three items are summed to yield an Emotional Problems score (range 0-9). Behavioral and Emotional Problems scores can be summed for a Total Intensity score (range 0-81). Higher scores indicate a higher level of problems.

Time frame: Pre Intervention and 18 weeks

Population: N = 16 participants completed The Child Adjustment \& Parent Efficacy Scale at Pre Intervention and n = 10 participants completed The Child Adjustment \& Parent Efficacy Scale at 18 Weeks.

The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, a 36-item measure that assesses child behavior problems. Each item has 2 parts that make up 2 subscales: Intensity and Problem. Intensity items are rated on a 7-point scale, from 1 (Never) to 7 (Always), and Problem items are Yes/No responses. Items from each scale are summed to yield raw scores and converted to T-scores (M=50, SD=10). Higher Intensity scores indicate more frequent displays of the child behaviors, and higher Problem scores indicate the parent perceives the behaviors as more problematic. T-scores above 60 indicate elevated behavior problems.

Time frame: Pre Intervention and 18 weeks

Population: N = 16 participants completed The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory at Pre Intervention and n = 10 participants completed The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory at 18 Weeks.

The Group Environment Scale is a 25-item measure that assesses the dimensions of intervention group environments. Items are rated on a 5-point scale, with responses ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). Items are averaged to yield three subscales: Cohesiveness, Implementation and Preparedness, and Counterproductive Activity. Higher scores on the Cohesiveness Scale (range 1-5) indicate more group cohesiveness. Higher scores on the Implementation and Preparedness Scale (range 1-5) indicate greater group implementation quality. Higher scores on the Counterproductive Activity Scale (range 1-5) indicate more counterproductive group activities.

Time frame: Week 7, Week 11, Week 19

Population: N = 2 participants completed The Group Environment Scale at Week 7, n = 4 participants completed The Group Environment Scale at Week 11, and n = 7 participants completed The Group Environment Scale at Week 19.

The Parental Stress Scale is an 18-item questionnaire that assesses parental stress relating to parental sensitivity to the child, child behavior, and quality of the parent-child relationship. Items are rated on a 5-point scale, ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). Some items are reverse-scored. Items are summed to yield a total score (range 18-90), with higher scores indicating higher levels of parental stress.

Time frame: Pre Intervention and 18 weeks

Population: N = 16 participants completed The Parental Stress Scale at Pre Intervention and n = 10 participants completed The Parental Stress Scale at 18 Weeks.

The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale is a 17-item questionnaire that measures overall parenting satisfaction and competence. Items are measured on a 6-point scale, with responses ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 6 (Strongly agree). Some items are reverse-scored. Items are summed to yield a total scale (range 17-102) and two subscales: parental self-efficacy (range 8-48) and parental satisfaction (range 9-54). Higher scores indicate higher levels of parental self-efficacy and parental satisfaction.

Time frame: Pre Intervention and 18 weeks

Population: N = 16 participants completed the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale at Pre Intervention and n = 10 participants completed the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale at 18 Weeks

The Perceived Stress Scale is a 14-item self-report measure of how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded individuals find their life circumstances. All items are rated on a 5-point scale, ranging from 0 (Never) to 4 (very often). Some items are reverse-scored. Responses are summed to yield a total score (range 0 - 56), with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress.

Time frame: Pre Intervention and 18 weeks

Population: N = 16 participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale at Pre Intervention and n = 10 participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale at 18 Weeks.

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a 25-item questionnaire that assesses child behavior. Items are rated on a 3-point scale and responses range from 0 (Not true) to 2 (Certainly true). Some items are reverse-scored. Items are summed to yield 5 subscales: Emotional Problems, Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity, Peer Problems, and Prosocial (ranges 0 -10). A total score (range 0-40) is calculated using the sum of all the subscales, except Prosocial. Higher scores in each subscale and the total score indicate more child behavior problems.

Time frame: Pre Intervention and 18 weeks

Population: N = 10 participants completed The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at 18 Weeks.