Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt
Conditions
Keywords
Suicide, Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt
Brief summary
The aim of this study is to determine whether learning three skills for managing negative emotions and receiving reminders via smartphone to practice these skills reduces how often and how intensely one experiences emotional distress and suicidal thoughts.
Detailed description
The present study is a two-arm parallel design RCT to test the efficacy of using ecological momentary intervention (EMI) to deliver therapeutic content based on the Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) - an evidence-based transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) that focuses on delivering adaptive skills for managing strong emotions. Participants in this study will be 50 adult psychiatric inpatients with recent suicidal thoughts or behaviors (STBs). Participants will be randomized to receive either the control condition, which consists of treatment as usual (TAU; n = 25) and 4x/daily daily ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of emotions and STBs, or the experimental condition, consisting of TAU, 4x/daily EMA, 3 brief sessions to deliver CBT skills (mindful emotion awareness, cognitive flexibility, and changing emotional behaviors, all drawn from the UP), one discretionary skills booster session, and EMI to prompt guided skills practice (n = 25). Control participants will receive TAU and be prompted to complete 4x/day EMA of emotions and STBs for the duration of their hospital stay and the 28-day post-discharge period. Participants randomized to the experimental conditions will receive TAU plus three brief treatment sessions delivering core UP skills content (during inpatient stays) and a discretionary booster session to reinforce treatment sessions that may be offered after discharge via either phone or telehealth. Those in the experimental condition will also receive training to use the EMI (which prompts guided skills practice), followed by smartphone-based EMA/EMI for the duration of the inpatient stay and the 28-day post-discharge period.
Interventions
(1) Three brief treatment sessions delivering core cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) skills (mindful emotion awareness, cognitive flexibility, and changing emotional behaviors) (during hospitalization), (2) a discretionary booster session to reinforce treatment session content (that may be offered after discharge via either phone or telehealth), and (3) ecological momentary intervention (EMI) prompts to engage in guided skills practice exercises via smartphone
BEHAVIORALEcological momentary assessment (EMA)
4x/day brief smartphone-based EMA surveys assessing negative emotions and STBs
BEHAVIORALTreatment as usual (TAU)
TAU (or usual care) during hospitalization and the 28-day post-discharge period
Sponsors
Rutgers University
Massachusetts General Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* adult status (18+ years), * a recent suicide attempt or any report of current suicidal ideation, * the ability to speak and write English fluently, * ownership of and consistent access to an internet-capable smartphone (e.g., an iPhone or Android phone), and * providing at least one collateral contact in cases where we cannot reach the participant
Exclusion criteria
\- the presence of any factor that impairs an individual's ability to provide informed consent and comprehend and effectively participate in the study including: an inability to speak or write English fluently, the presence of gross cognitive impairment due to florid psychosis, intellectual disability, dementia, acute intoxication, or the presence of extremely agitated or violent behavior.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Within-person changes in momentary self-reported intensity of suicidal urges (measured on a 11-point rating scale via ecological momentary assessment) from pre- to post-EMI | Through study completion (up to 28 days after inpatient hospital discharge) | Overall changes in momentary self-reported intensity of suicidal urges (measured on a 11-point rating scale up to 4x/day via ecological momentary assessment) from pre- to post-EMI use, among those in the experimental condition only |
| Between-condition differences in momentary self-reported intensity of suicidal urges (measured on a 11-point rating scale via ecological momentary assessment) | Through study completion (up to 28 days after inpatient hospital discharge) | Means and slopes of momentary self-reported intensity of suicidal urges (measured on a 11-point rating scale up to 4x/day via ecological momentary assessment) will be compared between the experimental and control conditions |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed