Analgesia, Nephrolithiasis, PCA, Percutaneous
Conditions
Keywords
Percutaneous, Nephrolithotomy, Plane Block, Patient-controlled analgesia
Brief summary
The primary purpose of this study was to compare the effects of erector spinal plane block (ESP) and IV patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) performed to provide analgesia in percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgeries on visual analog skala (VAS), additional analgesia need, patient satisfaction and mobilization times.
Detailed description
ASA I-III patients aged 18-65 years who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine were included in the study. The patients were informed about the study during the preoperative evaluation. In the randomized single-blind closed-envelope study, 30 patients ineach group and a total of 60 patients were included. Standard general anesthesia procedure was applied to all patients. Standard general anesthesia procedure was applied to all patients. Perioperative hemodynamic monitoring was performed. In patients who underwent general anesthesia, after the surgical procedure was completed, after sterility was ensured for the ESP group while the patient was in the lateral position for the ESPB procedure, the linear 10-18 MHz USG probe (Esaote MyLab 30, Geneva, Italy) was placed between two transverse processes in the paramedian plane and increased from 1mg/kg to %1 at the T7 level. 20 ml of 0.5 bupivacaine (Buvasin®, Vem, Istanbul, Turkey) + 2% arrhythmic residual SF from 1mg/kg was administered. For patients in the PCA group, 200 mg of tramadol was placed in 100cc of 0.9% NaCl. Set to PCA device. A 50mg loading dose was administered 10 minutes before the patient was extubated. After extubating, a bolus dose of 20 mg was started, with a 30-minute lock-in time, and an infusion dose of 5mg/hour. The 4-hour maximum limit was set to 200 mg. VAS score, need for additional analgesia, patient satisfaction (Likert scale), mobilization times and vital signs were recorded at 30 minutes, p1, 3, 6 and 12 hours after the operation.
Interventions
PROCEDUREBupivakain + deksametazon Adjuvant
In patients who underwent general anesthesia, after the surgical procedure was completed, after sterility was ensured for the ESP group while the patient was in the lateral position for the ESPB procedure, the linear 10-18 MHz USG probe (Esaote MyLab 30, Geneva, Italy) was placed between two transverse processes in the paramedian plane and increased from 1mg/kg to %1 at the T7 level. 20 ml of 0.5 bupivacaine (Buvasin®, Vem, Istanbul, Turkey) + 2% arrhythmic residual SF from 1mg/kg was administered. For patients in the PCA group, 200 mg of tramadol was placed in 100cc of 0.9% NaCl. Set to PCA device. A 50mg loading dose was administered 10 minutes before the patient was extubated. After extubating, a bolus dose of 20 mg was started, with a 30-minute lock-in time, and an infusion dose of 5mg/hour. The 4-hour maximum limit was set to 200 mg.
Sponsors
Yuzuncu Yil University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Intervention model description
The patients weredivided in two groups. Thirty patients were assigned to each group. Standard general anesthesia procedure was applied to all patients. Perioperative hemodynamic monitoring was performed. Group ESP underwent an erector spina block after the surgical procedure. Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with tramadol was applied to group PCA patients. VAS score, need for additional analgesia, patient satisfaction (Likert scale), mobilization times and vital signs were recorded at 30 minutes, 1th, 3th, 6th and 12th hours after the operation.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I-III, * Between 18-65 years old, * Percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery, * Patients who agreed to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria
* Obesity (BMI≥ 35) * Coagulopathy * Active Infection * Drug allergies * Pregnancy * 65 years and older
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| First walking time after surgery | 24 hours | Mobilization status was checked and recorded at the 30th minute, 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th hours after the surgery. We accepted the extubation time as the postoperative 0th hour. We determined the time when the patients started walking for the first time after the surgery accordingly. |
| Post operative analgesia | 24 hours | Visual Analog Scale score were recorded at the post operative 30 minutes, 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th hours after the operation. High VAS score was interpreted as severe pain in patients. When the VAS score was 4 and above, additional analgesic (15 mg/kg paracetamol) was given intravenously. |
| Additional analgesic drug | 24 hours | When the VAS score was 4 and above, 15 mg/kg paracetamol was given intravenously. Additional analgesic drug (Paracetamol) was recorded in milligrams. |
| Patient satisfaction | 24 hours | Patient satisfaction was recorded using a Likert scale at the 30th minute, 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th hours after the operation. Patient satisfaction was scored between 1 and 5 using a Likert scale at the 30th minute, 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th hours postoperatively. 1 point not satisfied at all, 2 points dissatisfied, 3 points not sure, 4 points satisfied, 5 points very satisfied. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed