Major Depressive Disorder, Moderate Depression, Severe Depression
Conditions
Keywords
transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS, Major Depression, Moderate Depression, MDD, personalized neuromodulation
Brief summary
The investigators aim to find the optimal dosage of the pBFS-guided rTMS treatment for patients with moderate to severe depression.
Detailed description
In 2022, the FDA cleared a large dosage of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which requires 10 sessions per day of 1,800 pulses per session for a total of 18,000 pulses per day. The inter-session interval is 50 min, and it costs patients 9 hours for the intervention. The investigators assume that patients with moderate to severe depression may not need 10 sessions per day, patients may achieve response or remission with a less amount of dosage, which will save the cost of treatment. Hence, the investigators try to find the optimal treatment dosage for patients with moderate to severe depression. After being informed about the study and potential risks. All patients giving written informed consent will undergo a screening period to determine eligibility for study entry. At week 0, patients who meet the eligibility requirements will be randomized in a double-blind manner in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio to each active rTMS group with different pulses (4×1800 pulses, 6×1800 pulses, 8×1800 pulses, 10×1800 pulses) and sham-control group. And then all participants will undergo a 5-day rTMS treatment followed by four- and eight weeks follow-up visits. Participants will keep a stable treatment regime during treatment and the four-week follow-up.
Interventions
DEVICE4 session rTMS
Participants will receive 4 sessions per day of 1800 pulses per session, lasting for 5 days. Individualized targets will be generated using the pBFS method.
DEVICE6 session rTMS
Participants will receive 6 sessions per day of 1800 pulses per session, lasting for 5 days. Individualized targets will be generated using the pBFS method.
DEVICE8 session rTMS
Participants will receive 8 sessions per day of 1800 pulses per session, lasting for 5 days. Individualized targets will be generated using the pBFS method.
DEVICE10 session rTMS
Participants will receive 10 sessions per day of 1800 pulses per session, lasting for 5 days. Individualized targets will be generated using the pBFS method.
DEVICEsham rTMS
The parameters in the sham arms are the same as the active stimulation groups. Stimulation was delivered by the same device as the active group fitted with a sham coil.
Sponsors
Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital
Changping Laboratory
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Hospitalized/outpatient patients aged 18-65 years (inclusive), male or female. * Meet the diagnostic criteria of DSM-5(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) for depression disorder without psychotic symptoms, and currently experiencing a recurrence episode. * Total HAMD17 score ≥20 before randomization. * Total MADRS score of ≥25 before randomization. * Inadequate response to at least one antidepressant trial of adequate doses and duration. * Participants currently are on a stable or no-drug use for at least 4 weeks before randomization. The type and dose of antidepressant drugs remained unchanged throughout the intervention period. * Voluntarily participate in the trial and able to provide informed consent. Able to comply with the planned visit, examination and treatment plan, and other study procedures.
Exclusion criteria
* Meet DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for other mental disorders (such as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar and related disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, neurocognitive disorders, or depressive disorders due to substances and/or medications, depressive disorders due to other medical problems, etc.); * Patients with a cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant, or other metal foreign body and any electronic equipment implanted in the body, patients with claustrophobia and other contraindications to magnetic resonance scanning, and patients with contraindications to rTMS treatment; * Patients with serious or unstable diseases of the cardiovascular, liver, kidney, blood, endocrine, neurological system, and other systems or organs, especially those with organic brain diseases (such as ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, brain tumor, etc.) and a history of severe brain trauma as judged by the researcher; * History of epilepsy (presence of at least 2 uninduced seizures more than 24 hours apart, or diagnosis of the epileptic syndrome, or seizures within the past 12 months); Or currently received medications or other treatments that will lower the seizure threshold; * History of ECT, rTMS, VNS, DBS, tDCS, light therapy, or other physical therapy related to mental illness within 3 months; * Currently receiving or plan to start formal cognitive or behavioral therapy, or systemic psychological therapy (interpersonal therapy, dynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, etc.) during the trial; * Substance abuse or dependence (including alcohol, drugs, and other psychoactive substances) in the past 1 year; * Female of childbearing potential who plans to become pregnant during the trial. * Female that is pregnant or breastfeeding. * Patients in any clinical trials of other drugs or physical therapy within 1 month before the screening. * Investigators think that was inappropriate to participate.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores from baseline to Immediate Post-treatment | Baseline, Day 5(Immediate Post-treatment) | The MADRS is a validated instrument stratifying the severity of depressive episodes in adults. The MADRS has an overall score ranging from 0 (no depression) to 60 (worst depression). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in MADRS | Baseline, Day 5 (Immediate Post-treatment), 14 days Post-treatment, 28 days Post-treatment, 56 days Post-treatment | A provider-administered questionnaire was used to assess remission and recovery from depression. The MADRS is a ten-item diagnostic questionnaire used to measure the severity of depressive episodes in patients with mood disorders. The MADRS has an overall score range from 0-60, with higher scores corresponding to higher levels of depression. |
| Change in Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) | Baseline, Day 5 (Immediate Post-treatment), 14 days Post-treatment, 28 days Post-treatment, 56 days Post-treatment | A provider-administered questionnaire was used to assess remission and recovery from depression. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS, or Ham-D) is the most widely used clinician-administered depression assessment scale. The Ham-17 version consists of 17 items assessing mood, guilt, general somatic symptoms, work and activities, anxiety, and slowness of thought and speech. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 to 4, except for the somatic, sleep, and insight items which are scored 0 to 2. On the HAM-17 there can be a total score of 22. Higher scores represent higher depression severity. |
| Change in Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS_SR) | Baseline, Day 5 (Immediate Post-treatment), 14 days Post-treatment, 28 days Post-treatment, 56 days Post-treatment | A provider-administered questionnaire was used to assess remission and recovery from depression. The 16-item QIDS\_SR is a widely used self-report instrument covering depressive symptoms incorporating nine Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-IV (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorders. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 to 4. Higher scores represent higher depression severity. |
| Safety estimated using SSI, YMRS | Baseline, Day 5 (Immediate Post-treatment), 14 days Post-treatment, 28 days Post-treatment, 56 days Post-treatment | Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) measures suicide ideation, Young Mania Rating Scale(YMARS) measures mania |
Countries
China
Contacts
Primary ContactMeiling Li, Ph.D.
Outcome results
None listed