Analgesia, Empathy, Oxytocin, Pain, Social Familiarity
Conditions
Brief summary
This study recruited healthy volunteers and randomly divided them into four groups. They inhaled oxytocin or saline, and watched a pain test video with photos of acquaintances or strangers, respectively, to test whether their feelings of the same thermal pain stimulus had changed.
Interventions
DRUGOxytocin nasal spray
Volunteers inhale 24 units of oxytocin spray
DRUGPlacebo
Volunteers inhale 24 units of placebo spray
BEHAVIORALStranger
Volunteers watch a video of a pain test and attach a photo of a stranger
BEHAVIORALAcquaintance
Volunteers watch a video of a pain test and attach a photo of an acquaintance
Sponsors
Peking University People's Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy volunteers
Exclusion criteria
* During pregnancy; * Have participated in any research related to pain; * Sleep disorders; * Used alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, or other psychoactive substances within 24 hours before the test; * Experienced intense pain requiring medical analgesia within three months prior to the trial; * Taking any medication, including over the counter medication; * Addiction to alcohol, tobacco, or drugs; * A history of any respiratory, circulatory, neurological, musculoskeletal, and/or mental illness; * Current symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. (See quantitative sensor testing for specific standards)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| NRS score | Half an hour after inhaling spray | numerical rating scale of pain， ranging from 0 = no pain to 10 = the most intense pain that is tolerable. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Brief Profile Of Mood States | about 3 hours | Brief Profile Of Mood States is a 30 item self-report psychological instrument intended for use with adults age 18 and above. Response format consisted of the following 5-point Likert scales: 0：not at all; 1：a little; 2：moderately; 3：quite a bit; and 4：extremely. |
| Beck Depression Inventory | about 3 hours | Beck Depression Inventory |
| WLEIS-C | about 3 hours | The English version of the scale was developed by Wong and Law and used as an evaluation tool for emotional intelligence level surveys, the Chinese version of emotional intelligence level consists of 16 items scale (WLEIS-C) , including self-emotional perception (4 items), others' emotional perception (4 items), emotional control (4 items), emotional use (4 items) 4 Dimensions, a total of 16 items. Using Likert 7-level scoring method, '0' stands for 'very disagree' and '6' stands for 'very agree'. The higher the score, the higher the emotional intelligence level. |
| EEG | about 3 hours | Frequency of electroencephalogram |
| BES-C | about 3 hours | Chinese version of Basic Empathy Scale.The scale was divided into two dimensions: emotional empathy, which comprised 11 items, and cognitive empathy, which comprised nine items, yielding a total of 20 items (including eight reverse-scoring items). A five-point Likert scale was used, where 1 = completely disagree and 5 = completely agree. A high score indicated strong empathy. |
| The Positive and Negative Affect Scale | about 3 hours | is a 20 item self-report psychological instrument，contains 10 items for positive and 10 items for negative emotions. All the items are rated on a scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). |
| NRS score | about 3 hours | numerical rating scale of pain， ranging from 0 = no pain to 10 = the most intense pain that is tolerable. |
| STAI | about 3 hours | state-trait anxiety inventory |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed