Shoulder Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Shoulder pain, Scapular muscles, Scapular kinematics, Therapeutic exercise
Brief summary
Shoulder pain is a prevalent and recurrent condition. After a period of shoulder pain, some adaptations could be found, as in scapular muscles and kinematics and/or in nervous system. It seems important to assess several biomechanical and neurophysiological outcomes to better characterize shoulder pain conditions and to program an intervention plane. Therapeutic exercise is one of the treatments used for shoulder pain, however there are still doubts and controversial findings regarding exercise focusing the scapular musculature. Thus, the present study aims to assess the effects of an intervention protocol based on scapular therapeutic exercise.
Detailed description
The study only started after approval of the protocol
Interventions
OTHERExperimental Scapular Therapeutic Exercise Group
All subjects will perform a program of scapular therapeutic exercises including: neuromuscular control/strength - scapular therapeutic exercises that leads to, at least, moderate muscular activity levels; and stretching exercises. The intervention period will be of 8 weeks, considering in-person and/or home sessions.
Sponsors
School of Health of Polytechnic Institute of Porto
Center for Rehabilitation Research - Human Movement System (Re)habilitation Area
Universidade do Porto
Porto Biomechanics Laboratory
Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Research in Health, Health School of the Setubal, Polytechnic Institute
Polytechnic Institute of Porto
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* 18 to 65 years old * Chronic (more than 3 months), continuously or intermittently, non-specific or associated with a diagnostic (except if mentioned in the
Exclusion criteria
) shoulder pain of, at least, moderate intensity * Presenting scapular alterations as scapular dyskinesis (identified at rest or during motion)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in movement quality through smoothness | Baseline and one week after intervention | Smoothness will be calculated by jerk logarithm of data recorded with inertial sensors |
| Change in scapular muscles activity levels | Baseline and one week after intervention | Scapular muscles activity levels, during shoulder analytical movements and during a functional task, will be recorded superficially by a wireless electromyographic signal detector system |
| Change in scapular muscles ratio | Baseline and one week after intervention | Ratio between scapular muscles activity levels, during shoulder analytical movements and during a functional task, will be calculated considered the superficially eletromyographic data measured by a wireless electromyographic signal detector system. |
| Change in kinematics | Baseline and one week after intervention | Scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm, during shoulder analytical movements and during a functional task, will be measured by inertial sensors and described in degrees (°) |
| Change in movement quality through time variables | Baseline and one week after intervention | Movement quality will be assessed considering time to peak acceleration and task completion time, calculated according to the data recorded with inertial sensors |
| Change in movement quality through trunk compensation | Baseline and one week after intervention | Movement quality will be also assessed considering the trunk motion, calculated according to the data recorded with inertial sensors |
| Change in shoulder pain | Baseline and one week after intervention | The intensity of pain will be measured with a self-reported 11-point scale (Numerical Rating Pain Scale), with scores ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximum pain) |
| Change in shoulder function | Baseline and one week after intervention | Shoulder functional status will be measured with a self-reported 13 items scale (SPADI), which ranges from 0 (fully functional) to 100 (maximum degree of disability). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in pressure pain threshold | Baseline and one week after intervention | An assessment point in the shoulder area will be assessed by the application of a mechanical pressure by an algometer |
| Change in pain-related fear | Baseline and one week after intervention | Assessed with self-reported scales - Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, which ranges from 13 (best) to 52 (worst) |
| Change in pain catastrophization | Baseline and one week after intervention | Assessed with a self-reported scale - Pain Catastrophizing Scale, which ranges from 0 (better) to 52 (worst) |
| Self-impression of change | One week after intervention | The patient's individual perspective about his/her condition and changes felt considering the intervention received will be assessed by a self-reported scale - Patient global impression of change scale, which range from 0 \[no change (or condition has got worse)\] to 7 (a great deal better, and a considerable improvement that has made all the difference) |
| Change in muscle stiffness | Baseline and one week after intervention | Scapular muscles stiffness will be assessed by myotonometry (using a digital palpation device) |
Countries
Portugal
Outcome results
None listed