Skip to content

Online MBCT Program for University Students

Efficacy of an Online Mindfulness-based Cognitive Skills Program on Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in University Students

Status
Completed
Phases
NA
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT05804877
Enrollment
69
Registered
2023-04-07
Start date
2023-04-20
Completion date
2023-09-01
Last updated
2025-12-10

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Depression in Adolescence

Keywords

university student, online program, MBCT, depression, quality of life

Brief summary

The goal of this interventional study is to examine the efficacy of the online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program(MBCT) in youth (18-25 years old) with depressive symptoms. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Whether the program could reduce depressive symptoms in university students. * Whether the program could increase quality of life in university students. * The effectiveness, acceptance, and practicability of the program for university students. Participants in the experimental group would be arranged to attend online mindfulness-based cognitive programs for eight weeks. The control group would be educated the knowledge of mental health to manage their negative emotions.

Detailed description

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to examine the efficacy of the online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program(MBCT) in youth (18-25 years old) with depressive symptoms. The investigators expect the online MBCT program could assist university students in reducing their depressive mood and facilitating quality of life. The investigators also discussed the effectiveness, acceptance, and practicability of the online MBCT program to the subjects. Participants in the experimental group would be arranged to attend online mindfulness-based cognitive programs for eight weeks. Each week was divided into 3 parts: detailed skill training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment. Participants were requested to complete the 3 parts above, which would take approximately 15 minutes in total per week. The content of the online intervention includes 8 chapters reflecting multiple topics (e.g. explaining MBCT, automatic pilot, awareness of mood, accentedness, staying with the present experience, linking habitual reactions to the unpleasant event, using breathing and body as an anchor, and planning to continue mindfulness practice) which were delivered to subjects each week by the research team. Participants in the control group would acquire knowledge of mental health to manage their negative emotions. There would be 2 times of mental health education and one web-based assignment including writing feedback to ensure learning effectiveness each week. The content for 8 weeks would include knowledge about depression, recognition of depression and depressive mood, symptom management, adaptation skills and coping skills, myths of depression, depression prevention, and referral information for mental health. The investigators would evaluate the effectiveness of the two groups using the outcome assessment of BDI-II, WHOQOL-BREF, BAI, OSA, and COPM 1 week before intervention (pre-test) and 1 week after intervention (post-test).

Interventions

BEHAVIORALmindfulness-based cognitive therapy

Participants in the experimental group would be arranged to attend online mindfulness-based cognitive programs for eight weeks. Each week was divided into 3 parts, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.

The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks

Sponsors

Chung Shan Medical University
Lead SponsorOTHER

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

* Age of 18 and 25 * Has Beck Depression Inventory-2 (BDI-II) score of at least mild severity, with no upper limit * Able to communicate through LINE app * Able to read Chinese and willing to participate in research

Exclusion criteria

* Meets the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V, such as schizophrenia, substance abuse, and Bipolar disorder * Has ever been diagnosed as any significant physical illness, such as cancer, organ damage, and stroke * Refuse to be assigned to different groups randomly

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
BDI-II -PretestBDI-II score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.
BDI-II -Posttest1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestWHOQOL-BREF-TW score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire with a five point rating scale for each item (from 1 to 5). There are four domains in WHOQOL-BREF, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Physical Health domain consists of 7 items, with a total score range of 7 to 35; the Psychological domain includes 6 items, ranging from 6 to 30; the Social Relationships domain comprises 4 items, with scores ranging from 4 to 20; and the Environment domain contains 9 items, with a range of 9 to 45. Two additional items are assessed separately: Question 1 evaluates an individual's overall perception of quality of life, while Question 2 assesses their overall perception of health. Each of these two items is scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction, meaning that higher scores indicate better quality of life in the corresponding domain.
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire with a five point rating scale for each item (from 1 to 5). There are four domains in WHOQOL-BREF, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Physical Health domain consists of 7 items, with a total score range of 7 to 35; the Psychological domain includes 6 items, ranging from 6 to 30; the Social Relationships domain comprises 4 items, with scores ranging from 4 to 20; and the Environment domain contains 9 items, with a range of 9 to 45. Two additional items are assessed separately: Question 1 evaluates an individual's overall perception of quality of life, while Question 2 assesses their overall perception of health. Each of these two items is scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction, meaning that higher scores indicate better quality of life in the corresponding domain.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
COPM -PretestCOPM score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an individualized measure designed for use by occupational therapists to detect self-perceived change in occupational performance problems over time. The therapist calculates an average COPM performance score and satisfaction score. These typically range between 1 and 10, where 1 indicates poor performance and low satisfaction, respectively, while 10 indicates very good performance and high satisfaction.
BAI -PretestBAI score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to reflect the severity of somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety over the previous week. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. The BAI scores are classified as minimal anxiety (0 to 7), mild anxiety (8 to 15), moderate anxiety (16 to 25), and severe anxiety (30 to 63).
COPM -Posttest1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an individualized measure designed for use by occupational therapists to detect self-perceived change in occupational performance problems over time. The therapist calculates an average COPM performance score and satisfaction score. These typically range between 1 and 10, where 1 indicates poor performance and low satisfaction, respectively, while 10 indicates very good performance and high satisfaction.
BAI -Posttest1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to reflect the severity of somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety over the previous week. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. The BAI scores are classified as minimal anxiety (0 to 7), mild anxiety (8 to 15), moderate anxiety (16 to 25), and severe anxiety (30 to 63).
OSA -PretestOSA score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) evaluates self-perceived occupational competence and environmental support. The questionnaire includes two sections: Self-Competence and Environment. The Self-Competence section has 21 items divided into three subscales-Skills/Performance (11 items), Habituation (5 items), and Volition (5 items)-and the Environment section has 8 items assessing perceived environmental support. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale, where 1 indicates the lowest and 4 the highest level of perceived competence or support. The possible score ranges are 11-44 for Skills/Performance, 5-20 for Habituation, 5-20 for Volition, and 8-32 for Environment. Higher scores represent greater self-perceived occupational competence and stronger environmental support.
OSA -Posttest1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) evaluates self-perceived occupational competence and environmental support. The questionnaire includes two sections: Self-Competence and Environment. The Self-Competence section has 21 items divided into three subscales-Skills/Performance (11 items), Habituation (5 items), and Volition (5 items)-and the Environment section has 8 items assessing perceived environmental support. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale, where 1 indicates the lowest and 4 the highest level of perceived competence or support. The possible score ranges are 11-44 for Skills/Performance, 5-20 for Habituation, 5-20 for Volition, and 8-32 for Environment. Higher scores represent greater self-perceived occupational competence and stronger environmental support.

Countries

Taiwan

Participant flow

Recruitment details

dates of the recruitment period:2022/02/14\ 2022/03/14 recruitment location: School website or Online platform

Pre-assignment details

Participants who (1) have a psychiatric diagnosis, (2) are currently receiving counseling, (3)are not from the medical university in Taiwan, and (4) are unwilling to participate in the study will be excluded.

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Online Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Program
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
26
Mental Health Education
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
26
Total52

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyLost to Follow-up13
Overall StudyWithdrawal by Subject10

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicTotalMental Health EducationOnline Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Program
Age, Continuous21.40 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.19
21.92 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.02
20.88 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.56
Clubs
No
40 Participants20 Participants20 Participants
Clubs
Yes
12 Participants6 Participants6 Participants
Course units16.23 units
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.74
15.34 units
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.94
17.12 units
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.59
Departments
Department of Applied Foreign Languages
1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Health Industry Technology Management
2 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences
1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Medical Informatics
2 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology
1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Medical Sociology and Social Work
1 Participants1 Participants0 Participants
Departments
Department of Nursing
3 Participants1 Participants2 Participants
Departments
Department of Nutrition
4 Participants3 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Occupational Therapy
18 Participants7 Participants11 Participants
Departments
Department of Physical Therapy
2 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Public Health
3 Participants2 Participants1 Participants
Departments
Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology
12 Participants7 Participants5 Participants
Departments
School of Medicine
2 Participants2 Participants0 Participants
Economic status
Family allowance
46 Participants23 Participants23 Participants
Economic status
Family allowance + Self-sufficiency
4 Participants2 Participants2 Participants
Economic status
Self-sufficient
2 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Grades
freshman
3 Participants0 Participants3 Participants
Grades
junior
17 Participants8 Participants9 Participants
Grades
senior
21 Participants12 Participants9 Participants
Grades
sixth year of undergraduate school
2 Participants2 Participants0 Participants
Grades
sophomore
9 Participants4 Participants5 Participants
Livings status
Living alone
16 Participants6 Participants10 Participants
Livings status
Living with classmates/friends
20 Participants11 Participants9 Participants
Livings status
Living with family/relatives
13 Participants8 Participants5 Participants
Livings status
other
3 Participants1 Participants2 Participants
Part-time jobs
No
32 Participants16 Participants16 Participants
Part-time jobs
Yes
20 Participants10 Participants10 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected0 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
39 Participants22 Participants17 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
13 Participants4 Participants9 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
0 / 260 / 26
other
Total, other adverse events
0 / 260 / 26
serious
Total, serious adverse events
0 / 260 / 26

Outcome results

Primary

BDI-II -Posttest

The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.

Time frame: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programBDI-II -Posttest7 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 7.83
mental health educationBDI-II -Posttest9.87 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 10.1
Primary

BDI-II -Pretest

The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.

Time frame: BDI-II score at pre-test (1week before intervention)

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programBDI-II -Pretest12.54 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 10.31
mental health educationBDI-II -Pretest14.42 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 11.5
Primary

WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest

The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire with a five point rating scale for each item (from 1 to 5). There are four domains in WHOQOL-BREF, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Physical Health domain consists of 7 items, with a total score range of 7 to 35; the Psychological domain includes 6 items, ranging from 6 to 30; the Social Relationships domain comprises 4 items, with scores ranging from 4 to 20; and the Environment domain contains 9 items, with a range of 9 to 45. Two additional items are assessed separately: Question 1 evaluates an individual's overall perception of quality of life, while Question 2 assesses their overall perception of health. Each of these two items is scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction, meaning that higher scores indicate better quality of life in the corresponding domain.

Time frame: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestOverall quality of Life3.87 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.69
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestPhysical Health28.13 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.32
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestGeneral Health facet3.04 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.02
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestPsychological21.13 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 5.15
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestSocial relationships15.52 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.5
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestEnvironment36.39 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 5.32
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestSocial relationships14.7 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.18
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestPsychological18.7 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.76
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestOverall quality of Life3.48 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.73
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestEnvironment32.61 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.52
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestGeneral Health facet3.13 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.92
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PosttestPhysical Health25.74 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.6
Primary

WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest

The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire with a five point rating scale for each item (from 1 to 5). There are four domains in WHOQOL-BREF, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Physical Health domain consists of 7 items, with a total score range of 7 to 35; the Psychological domain includes 6 items, ranging from 6 to 30; the Social Relationships domain comprises 4 items, with scores ranging from 4 to 20; and the Environment domain contains 9 items, with a range of 9 to 45. Two additional items are assessed separately: Question 1 evaluates an individual's overall perception of quality of life, while Question 2 assesses their overall perception of health. Each of these two items is scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction, meaning that higher scores indicate better quality of life in the corresponding domain.

Time frame: WHOQOL-BREF-TW score at pre-test (1week before intervention)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestOverall quality of Life3.38 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.75
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestGeneral Health facet2.88 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.59
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestPhysical Health26.31 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.96
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestPsychological18.38 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.73
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestSocial relationships14.54 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.79
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestEnvironment33.81 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.54
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestSocial relationships13.96 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.95
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestOverall quality of Life3.15 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.73
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestPsychological17.81 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.11
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestGeneral Health facet2.65 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.75
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestEnvironment32 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.72
mental health educationWHOQOL-BREF-TW -PretestPhysical Health23.85 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.4
Secondary

BAI -Posttest

The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to reflect the severity of somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety over the previous week. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. The BAI scores are classified as minimal anxiety (0 to 7), mild anxiety (8 to 15), moderate anxiety (16 to 25), and severe anxiety (30 to 63).

Time frame: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programBAI -Posttest5.52 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 7.38
mental health educationBAI -Posttest6.52 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 6.71
Secondary

BAI -Pretest

The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to reflect the severity of somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety over the previous week. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. The BAI scores are classified as minimal anxiety (0 to 7), mild anxiety (8 to 15), moderate anxiety (16 to 25), and severe anxiety (30 to 63).

Time frame: BAI score at pre-test (1week before intervention)

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programBAI -Pretest9.31 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 7.36
mental health educationBAI -Pretest8.65 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 7.65
Secondary

COPM -Posttest

The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an individualized measure designed for use by occupational therapists to detect self-perceived change in occupational performance problems over time. The therapist calculates an average COPM performance score and satisfaction score. These typically range between 1 and 10, where 1 indicates poor performance and low satisfaction, respectively, while 10 indicates very good performance and high satisfaction.

Time frame: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programCOPM -PosttestPerformance7.03 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.65
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programCOPM -PosttestSatisfaction6.85 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.85
mental health educationCOPM -PosttestPerformance6.01 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.37
mental health educationCOPM -PosttestSatisfaction6.06 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.66
Secondary

COPM -Pretest

The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an individualized measure designed for use by occupational therapists to detect self-perceived change in occupational performance problems over time. The therapist calculates an average COPM performance score and satisfaction score. These typically range between 1 and 10, where 1 indicates poor performance and low satisfaction, respectively, while 10 indicates very good performance and high satisfaction.

Time frame: COPM score at pre-test (1week before intervention)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programCOPM -PretestPerformance5.93 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.51
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programCOPM -PretestSatisfaction5.39 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.84
mental health educationCOPM -PretestPerformance4.62 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.46
mental health educationCOPM -PretestSatisfaction4.22 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.77
Secondary

OSA -Posttest

The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) evaluates self-perceived occupational competence and environmental support. The questionnaire includes two sections: Self-Competence and Environment. The Self-Competence section has 21 items divided into three subscales-Skills/Performance (11 items), Habituation (5 items), and Volition (5 items)-and the Environment section has 8 items assessing perceived environmental support. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale, where 1 indicates the lowest and 4 the highest level of perceived competence or support. The possible score ranges are 11-44 for Skills/Performance, 5-20 for Habituation, 5-20 for Volition, and 8-32 for Environment. Higher scores represent greater self-perceived occupational competence and stronger environmental support.

Time frame: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PosttestSkills/Performance35.3 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.99
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PosttestHabituation16.35 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.74
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PosttestVolition15.96 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.85
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PosttestEnvironment28.7 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.78
mental health educationOSA -PosttestEnvironment26.96 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.37
mental health educationOSA -PosttestSkills/Performance32.65 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.46
mental health educationOSA -PosttestVolition14.04 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.31
mental health educationOSA -PosttestHabituation13.83 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.37
Secondary

OSA -Pretest

The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) evaluates self-perceived occupational competence and environmental support. The questionnaire includes two sections: Self-Competence and Environment. The Self-Competence section has 21 items divided into three subscales-Skills/Performance (11 items), Habituation (5 items), and Volition (5 items)-and the Environment section has 8 items assessing perceived environmental support. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale, where 1 indicates the lowest and 4 the highest level of perceived competence or support. The possible score ranges are 11-44 for Skills/Performance, 5-20 for Habituation, 5-20 for Volition, and 8-32 for Environment. Higher scores represent greater self-perceived occupational competence and stronger environmental support.

Time frame: OSA score at pre-test (1week before intervention)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PretestSkills/Performance33.62 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.73
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PretestHabituation14.42 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.76
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PretestVolition13.88 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.63
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programOSA -PretestEnvironment27.42 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.7
mental health educationOSA -PretestEnvironment26.65 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.82
mental health educationOSA -PretestSkills/Performance30.73 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.62
mental health educationOSA -PretestVolition12.69 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.9
mental health educationOSA -PretestHabituation12.96 score on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.81

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026