Agraphia
Conditions
Keywords
Visual, Kindergarten, Chinese
Brief summary
The study aims to investigate the effects of different visuomotor training programs on children's visuomotor skills and handwriting performance.
Detailed description
The purpose of this project is to investigate the effectiveness of visuomotor activities with different activity materials on fine motor, visual perception, visual-motor integration and handwriting performance of kindergarten children. Kindergarteners will be randomized into the three groups: control, Chinese, and traditional groups. Children in the Chinese and traditional groups will receive a visual perceptual motor training program twice every week for 12 weeks and those in the control group will not receive any intervention during the study period. in the end of fall semester of the first grade, the effectiveness of the interventional programs on handwriting performance of participants will be examined again.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALChinese character-based visuomotor training program
this program includes visual-perceptual-motor play, paper-pencil activities, and ipad games using Chinese character as activity materials
BEHAVIORALtraditional visuomotor training program
this program includes play and paper-and-pencil activities, ipad games using commercial or self-designed stuffs as activity materials
Sponsors
National Science and Technology Council
National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
The assessors are blinded to the assigned group of participants
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
5 Years to 6 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Kindergarten children who will study the first grade in coming September * Both parents are native Mandarin Chinese speakers
Exclusion criteria
* A diagnosis of significant neurological, muscular, and skeletal system disorders * Visual or hearing problems that cannot be corrected to be normal * Genetic or chromosomal abnormality * Significant neurological, muscular, and skeletal damage to the trunk or upper extremities * moderate or severe intellectual disabilities
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Battery of Chinese Basic Literacy | through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of reading and handwriting skills |
| The Chinese character recognition Test | baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of the Chinese character recognition ability |
| The Chinese Handwriting Evaluation Form (preschool version) | baseline, after 12-week intervention | the change of handwriting performance by kindergarten teacher's rating |
| The Chinese Handwriting Evaluation Form (School-aged version) | through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of handwriting skills by teacher's rating |
| The Chinese Handwriting Test | baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of the handwriting performance |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition (BOT-2) | baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of fine motor skills |
| The Berry-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration- Forth Edition (VMI) | baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of VMI |
| Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-Fourth Edition (TVPS-4) | baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year | the change of visual perceptual skills |
Countries
Taiwan
Contacts
Primary ContactYea-Shwu H Hwang, ScD
Outcome results
None listed