Cerebral Palsy, Chronic Post Surgical Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Cerebral Palsy, Pain, Chronic Pain, Post Surgical Pain, Orthopedic Surgery
Brief summary
The study purpose is to document the typical trajectory of perioperative pain experience in Cerebral Palsy (CP) and to identify important predictive factors for the development of chronic postsurgical pain. The main aims of the investigators are to: 1. Quantify the trajectory of pain and opioid use in the context of orthopedic surgery in children with CP. 2. Identify predictors for CPSP in children with CP and develop an applicable risk index. 3. Examine relationships between perioperative pain severity and functional/mobility outcomes achieved by orthopedic surgery in children with CP. Participants will complete: 1. Questionnaires/Surveys via email and text message 2. In-person Sensory Tests 3. In-person Gait and Motion Analysis
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
University of Minnesota
Nemours Children's Hospital
Chantel Burkitt
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
5 Years to 17 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* CP diagnosis * Have a scheduled lower extremity or spine orthopedic surgery
Exclusion criteria
* Non-English speaking and reading parent/guardian
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) score from 1 week preoperative to 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative | 1 month preoperative, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative | The BPI assesses pain location, pain intensity at worst, least, average, and right now as well as the degree to which pain interferes with activities of daily living (e.g., sleep, relationships, and mobility). Items are scored on an 11-point scale (0 = does not interfere, 10 = completely interferes) creating a total interference score ranging from 0-120 (higher scores mean more pain interference). The BPI has been adapted for and tested with individuals with severe CP, resulting in excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89) and validity evidence \[1, 29, 30\]. The BPI will take parents/children 1-2 minutes to complete. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dalhousie Pain Interview (DPI) | 1 month preoperative, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative | The DPI uses a 10-item survey to quantify pain intensity (Primary outcome variable; scored 0-10 with higher scores indicating more pain), duration (minutes/seconds in pain), and pain frequency (number of pain episodes) for each type of pain reported in the last week. The type and dose of pain-related medications is also collected. The DPI was developed to assess acute and chronic pain in children with developmental disabilities. The investigative team has considerable experience with the DPI and pain parameters have shown sensitivity to change after treatment \[30, 31\]. The DPI will take parents/children 5-15 minutes to complete. |
| Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) | From Post-Operative Day (POD) 3-90 | The NRS of pain is considered the 'gold standard' and has been widely used to quantify pain intensity (0-10 scale; 0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). We will use the NRS specific to head, shoulders, upper arm, elbow, forearm, wrist/hand, back, hip, upper leg, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot pain. The NRS will complement the DPI since it is joint-specific, which is a critical element to capture when assessing orthopedic outcomes. The NRS will take parents/children 3 minutes to complete. |
| SNAKE (Schlaffragebogen für Kinder mit Neurologischen und Anderen Komplexen Erkrankungen)Sleep Questionnaire | 1 month preoperative, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative | We will also collect the SNAKE Sleep Questionnaire via parent-report, a 43-item tool that measures the sleep environment, sleep patterns, and sleep behaviors (scores ranging from 23-92 with higher scores indicating more sleep difficulties). This tool was designed specifically for individuals with severe disabilities, and individuals with CP were included in the validation sample. The SNAKE will take parents 2-5 minutes to complete. |
| Gait Outcomes Assessment List (GOAL) | Any time preoperative and 12 months postoperative | The GOAL had initial data published on it in 2011 \[33\]. It was developed for individuals with ambulatory CP and their parents as a comprehensive assessment of gait-related function. It is an outcome tool that incorporates all domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, including the influence of environment and personal factors \[34\].It contains 7 different domains and scores for each domain and for the total survey are standardized and range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). A novel component of the GOAL is that it also incorporates the family's priorities for treatment. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactMaykala Owens
Backup ContactLisa Lykken
Outcome results
None listed