VO2max
Conditions
Keywords
VO2max, Exercise, Aerobic, Performance, Training
Brief summary
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is used to define cardiorespiratory fitness, which is important to health and sport performance in humans. Although different types of training can improve VO2max, the high intensity interval training is recognized as one of the best ways to do it. Furthermore, it has long been speculated that high intensity interval training that elicits a high time spent near VO2max could be the best way to improve VO2max. However, this theory has not been verified. Thus, the investigators performed a randomized controlled trial with crossover in healthy individuals who underwent two high intensity interval training protocols of two weeks, being a workout with longer and other with shorter time spent near VO2max.
Detailed description
Fifteen participants were enrolled in a randomized trial with crossover to perform two weeks of high intensity interval training with high (i.e., five times 2 minutes of work and 1 minute of recovery; T-2min:1min) or low (i.e., ten times 1 minutes of work and 30 seconds of recovery; T-1min:30seg) time spent near VO2max. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively. Before and after the T-2min:1min and T-1min:30seg, the participants performed tests to determine VO2max, lactate threshold, muscle oxidative capacity, pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics, power output achieved at the end of incremental test, and power output related to Wingate anaerobic test. The training programs had a washout period of at least one month.
Interventions
OTHERExercise training
Two weeks of high intensity interval training with high or low time spent near VO2max.
Sponsors
University of the State of Santa Catarina
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Intervention model description
The order of training protocols was randomized and the training programs had a washout period of at least one month.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Male ≥ 18 years; * No known musculoskeletal disorders; * Apparently healthy * Physically active according to American College of Sports Medicine standards and recommendations (Garber et al., 2011; RIEBE et al., 2015).
Exclusion criteria
* Taking any medication that could affect aerobic parameters; * Smokers; * Involved in an aerobic training program at the start of the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal oxygen uptake | Change at Maximal oxygen uptake after two weeks | The highest 15 seconds VO2 average determined from rolling averages of 5 seconds samples measured during incremental test or confirmation test of VO2max. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle oxidative capacity | Change at Muscle oxidative capacity after two weeks | Rate recovery of muscle oxygen consumption (k-mV̇O2) of the vastus lateralis, with the k-mV̇O2 indicating muscle oxidative capacity. |
| Lactate threshold | Change at Lactate threshold after two weeks | The work intensity at which blood lactate concentration increased 1 mmol.L-1 above baseline. |
| Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics | Change at Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics after two weeks | The on-transient response for V̇O2 was fitted using a mono-exponential model, which the rate constant (k-pV̇O2) for the kinetics of V̇O2 was calculated as 1/tau (expressed in min-1). |
| Power output achieved at the end of incremental test | Change at Power output achieved at the end of incremental test after two weeks | Power output achieved at the end of ramp incremental test (20 W.min-1). |
| Wingate anaerobic test | Change at Wingate anaerobic test after two weeks | Peak power, mean power, and minimum power were defined as the highest mechanical power output, the average power sustained throughout the 30-s period, and the power output attained before the end of the test, respectively. |
| Time spent near VO2max | First to the last day of test or training, an average of 4 weeks | Time spent at or above 90% or 95% of VO2max. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Heart rate | First to the last day of test or training, an average of 4 weeks | Measured before and during exercise and used to determine 1) the highest heart rate, 2) the time spent near highest heart rate, 3) training impulse, and 4) heart rate variability. |
| Adipose tissue thickness | Change at Adipose tissue thickness after two weeks | Adipose tissue thickness measured by a B-mode ultrasound imaging. |
| Body mass | Change at Body mass after two weeks | Body mass measured by a digital scale. |
| Perceived Recovery Status Scale | First to the last day of test or training, an average of 4 weeks | The original 10-point version from Laurent et al (2011). |
| Session-rating of perceived exertion | First to the last day of test or training, an average of 4 weeks | The original 10-point version. |
Countries
Brazil
Outcome results
None listed