Knee Osteoarthritis
Conditions
Brief summary
Background: Patient's pain experience is a complex phenomenon. A comprehensive clinical assessment of the patient's pain experience is helpful to define individual differences between patients and thus to plan effective individualized treatment programs. Gait assessment is an important functional task in the clinical evaluation, which allows the definition and modulation of therapeutic intervention. The influence of patient's pain experience on gait parameters is currently understudied in literature. Objective: To investigate patient's pain experience based on an assessment model proposed by Walton and Elliott in patients with knee OA. The study's second aim is to examine the correlation between the parameters of the 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT) and Time Up and Go test (TUG) assessed by an inertial sensor and the patient's pain experience.
Detailed description
Each patient undergoes a clinical pain assessment including Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) scale, a patient-reported outcome questionnaire that aims to identify changes in symptoms and activity restrictions in subjects with OA. A guided clinical assessment explores nociceptive, neuropathic, nociplastic, psychological, beliefs, socioenvironmental, and sensorimotor disintegration domains. A series of assessment scales were considered for each patient: Pain DETECT Scale; Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) Index; Patient Health Questionairre (PHQ-9); post traumatic distress checklist (PTSD); Pain Catastrophyzing Scale (PCS); Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TSK); Fear Avoidance Believe Questionnaire (FABQ), Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) and the completion of a body chart. An assessment of pressure pain threshold (PPT) was conducted through an electronic algometer (Algomed). The defined sites for PPT were the patella, Gerdy's tubercle, and the forearm on the extensor digitorum. The examiner applied gradual pressure on the defined areas, and patients were asked to report the exact moment when the pressure began to change to a sensation of pain. At that time, the examiner terminated the application of pressure, and the measurement related to the PPT was taken. Kinematic parameters were analyzed by two functional tests, the 10-Meter Walking Test (10MWT) and the Time Up&Go test (TUG). The tests were carried out with the help of an inertial sensor (BTS G-Sensor), placed at the trunk level, above the subject's clothing, via an elastic belt. 10MWT is a standard test used in gait assessment that consists of walking 10 meters in a straight line; TUG is a common and validated test that provides important indications about the level of balance and functional and walking ability of subjects. The test consists of getting up from a chair, walking 3 meters, turning around, returning to the chair, and sitting down. The inertial sensor registered the spatio-temporal parameters during 10MWT and TUG.
Interventions
OTHERBio-psychosocial assessment
Kinematic parameters were analyzed by two functional tests, the 10-Meter Walking Test (10MWT) and the Time Up&Go test (TUG).
Sponsors
Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 90 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria for this study are age 50 and 90 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) \<30 kg/m2, and Knee OA symptoms. OA is confirmed by the treating physician and radiographic findings (severity of OA 2 to 4 Kellgren-Lawrence scale).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| WOMAC scale | Single assessment at baseline | a patient-reported outcome questionnaire that aims to identify changes in symptoms and activity restrictions in subjects with OA. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pain DETECT Scale | Single assessment at baseline | The PainDETECT questionnaire (PD-Q) is a screening instrument designed to classify whether a patient has neuropathic pain. |
| Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) Index | Single assessment at baseline | The Central Sensitisation Inventory (CSI) is a self-report outcome measure designed to identify patients with symptoms related to central sensitization. |
| post traumatic distress checklist (PTSD) | Single assessment at baseline | The PCL-5 is a 20-item self-report checklist of PTSD symptoms based closely on the DSM-5 criteria. |
| Pain Catastrophyzing Scale (PCS) | Single assessment at baseline | The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) assesses the extent of catastrophic thinking due to pain according to 3 components: rumination, magnification, and helplessness. |
| Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TSK) | Single assessment at baseline | The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a 17-item questionnaire that quantifies fear of movement. |
| Patient Health Questionairre (PHQ-9) | Single assessment at baseline | — |
| Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) | Single assessment at baseline | he Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) assesses the degree to which chronic pain sufferers perceive injustice in relation to their pain. |
| 10 meters walking test | Single assessment at baseline | 10MWT is a standard test used in gait assessment that consists of walking 10 meters in a straight line. |
| Time up and Go test | Single assessment at baseline | TUG is a common and validated test that provides important indications about the level of balance and functional and walking ability of subjects. The test consists of getting up from a chair, walking 3 meters, turning around, returning to the chair, and sitting down. |
| Pressure pain threshold assessment | Single assessment at baseline | An assessment of pressure pain threshold (PPT) was conducted through an electronic algometer (Algomed)17. The defined sites for PPT were the patella, Gerdy's tubercle, and the forearm on the extensor digitorum. The examiner applied gradual pressure on the defined areas, and patients were asked to report the exact moment when the pressure began to change to a sensation of pain. At that time, the examiner terminated the application of pressure, and the measurement related to the PPT was taken. |
| Fear Avoidance Believe Questionnaire (FABQ) | Single assessment at baseline | The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) is a patient-reported questionnaire that specifically focuses on a patient's fear avoidance beliefs. |
Countries
Italy
Contacts
Primary ContactPaolo Pedersini, MSc
Outcome results
None listed