Autism Spectrum Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Melatonin
Brief summary
Sleep disturbances and sensory sensitivities are common disabling features of autism, but their underlying causes are not clear. We hypothesize that both of these difficulties reflect disrupted communication between a deep brain structure, the thalamus, and the brain's outer layer, the cortex. This communication is mediated by the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Due to its small size and location deep in the brain, we cannot assess TRN function without invasive techniques. Fortunately, sleep spindles, a specific brain rhythm provide a noninvasive read-out of TRN function. In Aim 1 we will examine whether reduced sleep spindles are related to worse sleep quality, impaired selective attention during wake, and sensory sensitivities in children with autism. In Aim 2, we will determine whether melatonin, which is commonly used to improve sleep, also increases sleep spindles in autism. If successful, this study will introduce TRN as a target for treatment of sleep disruption and guide larger home-based sleep studies.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTMelatonin
5mg gummy 30 min before bedtime for 2 consecutive nights
Sponsors
Massachusetts General Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Male and female subjects with ASD * 12-18 years of age * English speaking * Able to understand and respond to questionnaires in English
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnant or breastfeeding * Substance abuse or dependence within the past six months (nicotine abuse or dependence is not exclusionary) * Chronic medical conditions that affect sleep * Any unstable chronic medical condition such as asthma, diabetes, cystic fibrosis, or cardiac disease * History of head injury resulting in prolonged loss of consciousness or other neurological sequelae * IQ \<70 * Other neurological disorder, including seizure disorder * Diagnosed sleep disorder * Known genetic causes of ASD * Currently taking melatonin or those who have had an adverse reaction to melatonin in the past
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in sleep spindle density | Five nights of sleep over two weeks | Changes in sleep spindle density (#/min) during non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep between baseline and melatonin nights as measured by portable EEG device. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in sleep quality | Five nights of sleep over two weeks | Change in sleep quality between baseline and melatonin nights |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORDara Manoach, PhD
Professor
Outcome results
None listed