Depression in Adolescence, Depression in Adults
Conditions
Brief summary
The goal of this neuroimaging pilot study is to understand developmental differences in the impact of therapeutic wavelength light (blue light) versus a non-therapeutic wavelength (red light) on emotional brain function in depression. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does acute exposure to blue light (vs red light) stabilize emotional brain function in depressed individuals? * Are stabilizing effects of blue light (vs red light) stronger for blue light in adolescents than young adults? Participants will complete: * A magnetic resonance imaging brain scan, in which we will examine the effect of blue versus red light on emotional brain function at rest and in response to rewards and losses. * A pupillometry test of sensitivity to blue vs red light * Clinical interviews and surveys * Screening measures for drug and alcohol use, MRI safety, and current pregnancy \[if relevant\] * Home sleep tracking with sleep diary and actigraphy for one week
Interventions
OTHERBlue Light
Blue light exposure
OTHERRed Light
Red light exposure
Sponsors
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
University of Pittsburgh
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
All participants will receive blue and red light exposures; order of red vs. blue light will be counterbalanced across participants.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Elevated Depressive Symptoms \[PHQ9≥5 And (Item 1≥1 or Item 2≥1)\] * (If \<18yr) Parent or guardian can attend the baseline clinical interview
Exclusion criteria
* Unable to read and write in English * Intellectual disability. * Left or mixed handedness * Changes to psychotropic medication type or dosage in the past 2 months * Lifetime bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, or substance/alcohol disorder in the past 3 months. * Factors influencing light and color sensitivity (i.e., color-blindness, serious ophthalmological conditions, photo-sensitizing medication). * Factors influencing the ability to maintain a stable sleep schedule (i.e., shift work, severe sleep disorders, extremely late or early sleep schedule). * Severe medical illness, neurological disorders, or history of head trauma. * Current pregnancy or nursing * MRI contraindication (e.g., metals in the body, recent tattoo, claustrophobia) * Positive alcohol or substance use screen at MRI visit
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Amygdala cerebral blood flow during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | Cerebral blood flow will be assessed using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling collected during blue and red light exposures. Regional cerebral blood flow in the amygdala region of interest will be examined. |
| Ventral Striatum cerebral blood flow during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | Cerebral blood flow will be assessed using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling collected during blue and red light exposures. Regional cerebral blood flow in the ventral striatum region of interest will be examined. |
| Amygdala activity (loss>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Activation is defined by blood oxygen dependent signal within an amygdala region of interest on loss versus neutral (no win/no loss) trials. |
| Ventral Striatum activity (punish>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Activation is defined by blood oxygen dependent signal within a ventral striatum region of interest on win versus neutral (no win/no loss) trials. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity (loss>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Activation is defined by blood oxygen dependent signal within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex region of interest on loss versus neutral (no win/no loss) trials. |
| Insula activity (loss>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Activation is defined by blood oxygen dependent signal within the insula region of interest on loss versus neutral (no win/no loss) trials. |
| Medial prefrontal cortex cerebral blood flow during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | Cerebral blood flow will be assessed using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling collected during blue and red light exposures. Regional cerebral blood flow in the medial prefrontal region of interest will be examined. |
| Ventral striatum-whole brain functional connectivity (win>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Functional connectivity is defined as a psychophysiological interaction between the seed region (ventral striatum) and the whole brain. |
| Ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity, insula, and medial prefrontal activity, and amygdala- and ventral striatum whole brain functional connectivity (response bias; B') during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Activation is defined by blood oxygen dependent signal within the above regions of interest using a response bias metric (B'). Functional connectivity is defined as a psychophysiological interaction between the seed regions (amygdala, ventral striatums) and the whole brain. |
| Medial prefrontal cortex activity (win>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Activation is defined by blood oxygen dependent signal within the medial prefrontal region of interest on win versus neutral (no win/no loss) trials. |
| Insula cerebral blood flow during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | Cerebral blood flow will be assessed using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling collected during blue and red light exposures. Regional cerebral blood flow in the insula regions of interest will be examined. |
| Ventromedial prefrontal cortex cerebral blood flow during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | Cerebral blood flow will be assessed using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling collected during blue and red light exposures. Regional cerebral blood flow in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex regions of interest will be examined. |
| Amygdala-whole brain functional connectivity (loss>neutral) during Blue vs Red light exposure | Collected during the blue and red light exposures during the MRI scan at the lab visit | This outcome will be measured during the an auditory probabilistic reward task, which is a computerized fMRI behavioral task. Functional connectivity is defined as a psychophysiological interaction between the seed region (amygdala) and the whole brain on loss versus neutral (no win/no loss) trials |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactAdriane M Soehner, PhD
Backup ContactAllison Caswell, BS
Outcome results
None listed