Children, Dexmedetomidine, Morphine, PCA
Conditions
Brief summary
The treatment of perioperative pain in children has been a topic of great interest to pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, and anesthesiologists for many years. Opioids are the most common analgesics used to manage acute postoperative pain in children and adults
Detailed description
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) permits patients to self-administer small doses of opioid analgesics intravenously or subcutaneously at frequent intervals. PCA is used in the management of moderate-to-severe pain. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is now used in children as young as 5 yr for the treatment of postoperative pain.
Interventions
DRUGstandard dose morphine
Receiving 0.05 mg morphine/kg as a bolus.
DRUGlow dose morphine plus dexmedetomidine
Receiving 0.02 mg morphine/kg as a bolus dose + 0.2 microgram/kg dexmedetomidine
Sponsors
Beni-Suef University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
8 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. ASA I & II of both sex. 2. Age between 8 and 12 years. 3. Patients scheduled for exploration surgery under general anesthesia.
Exclusion criteria
1. Parents refused to give consent. 2. Patients with history of allergy to morphine or dexmedetomidine. 3. Mental disorders. 4. Unsuitability for extubation. 5. Comorbidities as cardiac, pulmonary and obstructive sleep apnea. 6. children with chronic opioid use for \> 3 monthes
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Post-operative pain intensity evaluation at (0,1, 2,6,12, 24h). | 24 hour | visual analogue score consists of a straight 10 cm line with the end points defining extreme limits between (0) no pain and (10) worst pain, the score is determined by measuring the distance between no pain and worst pain. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Total morphine consumption in 24h postoperative. | 24 hour | total morphine dose in 24h |
| sedation | 24 hour | (0 = awake; 1 = drowsy; 2 = asleep but arousable; 3 = deeply asleep). Patients were considered sedated if they had a sedation score of more than 0. |
| respiratory depression | 24 hour | respiratory depression, if respiratory rate less than 10 breaths/minute |
| nausea vomiting | 24 hour | Nausea and vomiting was recorded using a categorical scoring system (0 = none, 1 = nausea, 2 = retching, 3 = vomiting). |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Primary ContactMariana abdelsayed Mansour, MD
Outcome results
None listed