Smoking Cessation
Conditions
Keywords
Volitional help sheets, Young adults, Smoking cessation, Indonesia
Brief summary
Indonesia is one of the countries that does not sign The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC), and the numbers of Indonesian smokers increase every year. The Volitional-Help Sheet (VHS) has been used successfully to help people quit smoking, but has not yet been tested in Indonesia. The present study aims to adapt and implement the VHS to promote smoking cessation among smokers aged 20- 45 years. The main outcome measure is smoking abstinence; secondary outcomes are nicotine dependence, and capabilities, opportunities and motivations.
Detailed description
The main outcome measure is smoking abstinence; secondary outcomes are nicotine dependence, and capabilities, opportunities and motivations. All participants will be smokers aged 20-45 years who will complete self-report measures of outcomes over three waves of data collection. Once baseline measures are collected, participants will be randomised at wave 1 to intervention versus control condition. Participants in the intervention group will complete the VHS for smoking cessation in addition to the baseline measures. At wave 2, one-month following wave 1, participants will again be randomised to intervention (complete the VHS) and control condition. There will thus be four conditions: control, early intervention, late intervention and repeated intervention. Outcomes will be assessed at wave 3, six-months after wave 2.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALVolitional Help Sheets
The volitional help sheet is an intervention which provides an opportunity for people to actively plan their behavioural changes by using a list of situations and solutions. The list of situations are critical situations which provoke unwanted behaviour, and the solutions are the responses to overcome the situations which urge the unexpected behaviour. In the context of smoking behaviour, the list of situations is the situations that will provoke cigarette uptake and the list of solutions is the appropriate responses to reduce or stop the urge to smoke.
Sponsors
University of Manchester
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Smokers whose ages are 20-45 years old
Exclusion criteria
* Non-smokers whose ages are below 20 years old and above 45 years old
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Smoking Cessation | 6 months | Participants will complete a self-report questionnaire to assess their cigarette uptake by ticking one of the following options: (a) I have never smoked (b) I have only tried smoking once (c) I used to smoke sometimes, but I never smoke cigarettes now (d) I sometimes smoke cigarettes now, but I do not smoke as many as one a week (e) I usually smoke between one and six cigarettes a week (f) I usually smoke more than six cigarettes a week. The code for the response of options "a-d" is 0, and "e-f" is 1. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Nicotine dependence | 6 months | The Fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale will assess nicotine dependence. The scoring method in FTND is 0 to 1 for yes/no items and a score of 0 to 3 for the multiple-choice items. The items are summed to yield a total score of 0-10. The higher the total FTND score, the more intense the smoker's physical dependence on nicotine. |
| Intervention evaluation | 6 months | The Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) Questionnaire will measure how the intervention contributes to the behaviour changes. The higher the score, the more the intervention contributes to the behaviour changes. |
Countries
United Kingdom
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORChristopher Armitage
University of Manchester
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORTim Millar
University of Manchester
Outcome results
None listed