No Specific Condition. Feasibility of Mobile App
Conditions
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to explore the feasibility and preliminary effects of using Pray.com on spiritual well-being and mental health symptoms in racial/ethnic minority adults. The main question it aims to answer is: What are the feasibility and preliminary effects of using Pray.com on spiritual well-being and mental health (stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms) in racial ethnic minority adults (i.e., individuals who identify as Black/African American, Latinx/Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American, or Multiracial)? Participants will be given the Pray.com app and directed to use it daily. Participants will complete measures at baseline (i.e., time 1) and four-weeks (i.e., time 2). A smaller subset of participants will be asked to participate in a qualitative interview.
Detailed description
Participants (N = 75) will be recruited through social media and various Christian organizations that serve racial/ethnic minorities. Participants will be over the age of 18 and identify as a racial/ethnic minority (i.e., individuals who identify as Black/African American, Latinx/Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American, or Multiracial). Participants also must be willing to participate in a study that involves engaging in a regular Christian religious practice and are willing to download the Pray.com app. Eligible participants will be given the Pray.com app and directed to use it daily. Participants will complete measures at baseline (i.e., time 1) and four-weeks (i.e., time 2). At the end of the study participants will be randomly asked to participate in an interview (N = 15) which will take no longer than 60 minutes.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPrayer app
Participants will be given the Pray.com app and directed to use it daily.
Sponsors
Biola University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants will be provided access to the Pray.com app and directed to use it for at least 5 minutes per day for at least 5 times per week.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18 years of age or older. * Identify as a racial/ethnic minority (e.g., Black/African American, Latinx/Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American, Multiracial). * Own a smart phone and be willing to download a mobile app. * Willing to engage in a Christian-based religious practice on a mobile app.
Exclusion criteria
* n/a
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Acceptability of Mobile App | 1 month | 9 questions created for the present study, Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher acceptability (i.e., better outcome) |
| Demand for Mobile App | 1 month | 3 questions created for the present study, Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher demand (i.e., better outcome) |
| Practicality of Mobile App | 1 month | 5 questions created for the present study, Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher practicality (i.e., better outcome) |
| Minutes of App Use | 1 month | How many minutes did the participant use the mobile app? |
| Days of App Usage | 1 month | How many days did the participant use the mobile app? |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Spiritual Well-being Scale | 1 month | Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 6, Higher scores reflect higher spiritual well-being (i.e., better outcome) |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | 1 month | Minimum value: 0, Maximum value: 3, Higher scores reflect higher anxiety/depression (i.e., worse outcome) |
| Satisfaction With Life Scale | 1 month | Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 6, Higher scores reflect higher satisfaction with life (i.e., better outcome) |
| Religious Commitment Inventory | 1 month | Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher religious commitment (i.e., better outcome) |
| Multiethnic Identity Measure | 1 month | Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher ethnic identity (i.e., better outcome) |
| Perceived Stress Scale | 1 month | Minimum value: 0, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher stress (i.e., worse outcome) |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Prayer App Participants will be given the Pray.com app and directed to use it daily.
Prayer app: Participants will be given the Pray.com app and directed to use it daily. | 77 |
| Total | 77 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Prayer App |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 31 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 5 |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety | 1.12 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.59 |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression | .84 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.53 |
| Multiethnic Identity Measure | 3.96 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.63 |
| Perceived Stress Scale-10 | 2.72 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.66 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race and Ethnicity Alaskan Native | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race and Ethnicity American Indian/Native American | 6 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race and Ethnicity Asian or Asian American | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race and Ethnicity Black or African American | 65 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race and Ethnicity Latina/Latino/Hispanic | 3 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race and Ethnicity Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 2 Participants |
| Religious Commitment Inventory-10 | 3.84 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.71 |
| Satisfaction with Life Scale | 4.68 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.26 |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 23 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 54 Participants |
| Spiritual Well-Being Scale | 4.47 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.8 |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 77 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 77 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 77 |
Outcome results
Primary
Acceptability of Mobile App
9 questions created for the present study, Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher acceptability (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Satisfaction | 4.5 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.69 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Intent to continue use | 4.47 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.71 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Relevance in improving mental health | 4.14 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.74 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Relevance in improving spiritual life | 4.42 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.88 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Racial/ethnic identity well-represented | 4.29 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.74 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Content good fit with racial/ethnic identity | 4.15 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.85 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | Content good fit with cultural worldview | 4.29 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.76 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | App good fit with religious beliefs or worldview | 4.25 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.87 |
| Prayer App | Acceptability of Mobile App | App good fit with cultural identity or worldview | 4.11 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.87 |
Primary
Days of App Usage
How many days did the participant use the mobile app?
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Days of App Usage | 5.77 Days | Standard Deviation 8.19 |
Primary
Demand for Mobile App
3 questions created for the present study, Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher demand (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Demand for Mobile App | Frequency of use | 3.11 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.74 |
| Prayer App | Demand for Mobile App | Interest in future use | 4.31 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.73 |
| Prayer App | Demand for Mobile App | Perceived demand within participants' religious community | 4.29 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.83 |
| Prayer App | Demand for Mobile App | Perceived demand within participants' cultural community | 4.11 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.82 |
Primary
Minutes of App Use
How many minutes did the participant use the mobile app?
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Minutes of App Use | 45.83 minutes | Standard Deviation 111.9 |
Primary
Practicality of Mobile App
5 questions created for the present study, Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher practicality (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Practicality of Mobile App | Difficulty of use | 1.76 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.9 |
| Prayer App | Practicality of Mobile App | Ability to use and navigate app | 4.35 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.7 |
| Prayer App | Practicality of Mobile App | Perceived cost of the app | 2.46 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.86 |
| Prayer App | Practicality of Mobile App | Ease of paying monthly fee | 2.35 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.97 |
| Prayer App | Practicality of Mobile App | Willingness to pay monthly fee | 4.14 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.83 |
Secondary
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Minimum value: 0, Maximum value: 3, Higher scores reflect higher anxiety/depression (i.e., worse outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | Anxiety | .98 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.58 |
| Prayer App | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | Depression | .70 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.57 |
Secondary
Multiethnic Identity Measure
Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher ethnic identity (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Multiethnic Identity Measure | 4.09 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.58 |
Secondary
Perceived Stress Scale
Minimum value: 0, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher stress (i.e., worse outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Perceived Stress Scale | 2.52 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.71 |
Secondary
Religious Commitment Inventory
Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 5, Higher scores reflect higher religious commitment (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Religious Commitment Inventory | 4.01 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.61 |
Secondary
Satisfaction With Life Scale
Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 6, Higher scores reflect higher satisfaction with life (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Satisfaction With Life Scale | 5.31 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.97 |
Secondary
Spiritual Well-being Scale
Minimum value: 1, Maximum value: 6, Higher scores reflect higher spiritual well-being (i.e., better outcome)
Time frame: 1 month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer App | Spiritual Well-being Scale | 4.89 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.83 |