Cold Exposure, Eating Habit, Heat
Conditions
Keywords
Heat Exposure, Food Intake
Brief summary
Military personnel and athletes have a very high energy expenditure which is increased during certain key periods (intense training, competition and mission). Compensating for this expenditure through food can be complicated by physiological ingestive limits and logistical and organizational constraints (number of meals, availability of food), which leads these populations to regularly experience energy deficit situations (intake below requirements), which could alter physical and cognitive performance and major physiological functions. Among the many constraints to which military personnel and athletes are exposed to (stress, sleep deprivation, travel, etc.) that can increase the risk of energy deficits, the impact of thermal environmental constraints is not well known. The seasonal impact and travel to countries with very different thermal environments can lead these populations to experience cold and hot conditions for long periods. Understanding how heat and cold exposure modifies appetite and energy intake therefore appears to be of great importance. The hypothesis of this study is that a 24 h heat exposure would produce a rapid and long-lasting anorexigenic action impacting energy intake, while a cold exposure would produce the opposite effect (orexigenic action).
Interventions
OTHERHeat exposure (32°C)
The participants will be exposed to heat (32°C) for 24 hours in a climatic apartment. During the exposure, * food intake and energy expenditure will be measured * several physiological tests will be performed: hunger and thirst questionnaires, thermal sensations, skin temperature measurement, weighing, olfactory and gustatory capacities, food preference questionnaire, etc. * sleep brain activity will be monitored using a headband * urine and saliva samples will be collected.
OTHERCold exposure (16°C)
The participants will be exposed to cold (16°C) for 24 hours in a climatic apartment. During the exposure, * food intake and energy expenditure will be measured * several physiological tests will be performed: hunger and thirst questionnaires, thermal sensations, skin temperature measurement, weighing, olfactory and gustatory capacities, food preference questionnaire, etc. * sleep brain activity will be monitored using a headband * urine and saliva samples will be collected.
OTHERThermoneutral exposure (24°C)
The participants will be exposed to a thermoneutral environment (24°C) for 24 hours in a climatic apartment. During the exposure, * food intake and energy expenditure will be measured * several physiological tests will be performed: hunger and thirst questionnaires, thermal sensations, skin temperature measurement, weighing, olfactory and gustatory capacities, food preference questionnaire, etc. * sleep brain activity will be monitored using a headband * urine and saliva samples will be collected.
Sponsors
Direction Centrale du Service de Santé des Armées
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CROSSOVER
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Male * Aged 18 to 40 years old * Active (≥ 3 hours of physical activity per week) * Healthy (no metabolic pathology) * Affiliated to the social security system * Having given written consent to participate.
Exclusion criteria
* Unusual eating pattern (\< 3 meals per day) or irregular eating pattern * Pattern of dietary restriction (determined by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-21) * Unusual sleep pattern (Epworth score \> 10, insomnia severity score \> 14, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index \> 5), sleep duration \< 6 h per night or difficulty falling asleep) * Metabolic pathology * On medication * Previously exposed to unusual levels of heat or cold (vacation, missions) in the 4 months prior to inclusion * Refusal to participate.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Total energy intake (in kilojoules) measured at the end of each condition (heat exposure, cold exposure and thermoneutral exposure) | Through study completion (30 months) |
Countries
France
Contacts
Primary ContactKeyne CHARLOT, PhD
Outcome results
None listed