Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma in Children, Dental Caries, Periodontal Diseases
Conditions
Brief summary
The aim of the study was to evaluate if there were differences in oral findings between patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma and a control group of health people.
Detailed description
The aim of the study was to evaluate if there were differences in oral findings between patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma and a control group of health people. At the oral evaluation, the following indexes were calculated: PSR, Periodontal Screening and Recording; PI, Plaque Control Record and DMFT, Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index. Absence or presence of mouth breathing was also recorded. Linear regressions were calculated to compare the oral findings with gravity of allergic rhinitis, to asthma compensation and to asthma treatment.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTOral examination
Patients underwent oral examination with the recording of DMFT, PSR, PI and presence/absence of mouth breathing.
Sponsors
University of Pavia
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
5 Years to 14 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* age 5-14 years old * presence of allergic rhinitis diagnosed according to ASIA guidelines and/or presence of asthma diagnosed according to GINA guidelines
Exclusion criteria
* refuse to participate to the study * presence of systemic diseases that could alter oral conditions (Sjögren syndrome, celiac disease, calcium disorders).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| PSR - Periodontal Screening and Recording (Landry and Jean, 2002) | Baseline | Scoring criteria: * 0: Absence of clinical signs * 1: Bleeding on probing * 2: Supra and/or subgingival calculus and/or defective margins * 3: Periodontal pocket 4 mm to 5.5 nm deep (coloured band on probe partially visible) * 4: Periodontal pocket 6 mm deep (colored band no longer visible) * \*: Periodontal abnormalities present * X: Sextant absent or fewer than 2 teeth |
| PCR - Plaque Control Record (O' Leary et al., 1972) | Baseline | % assessment of the amount of plaque on dental surfaces; it is detected on 4 surfaces: distal, mesial, vestibular, lingual / palatal. The number of sites with plaque is divided by the total number of sites available in the mouth and multiplied by 100. Results indicate the index as a percentage. |
| DMFT - Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index (WHO, 2013) | Baseline | Sum of the decayed, missing, filled teeth. |
| Mouth breathing | Baseline | Assessment of the presence/absence of mouth breathing. |
Countries
Italy
Outcome results
None listed