Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
verbal encouragement, performance, muscle fatigue, swimming, sEMG
Brief summary
Verbal encouragement (VE) is used to enhance the performance in several sports, even though no studies have been conducted in swimmers and no effects have been reported in elite athletes by some Authors. Besides influencing motor performance, VE is also known to enhance the physical load, thus increasing the probability of developing fatigue. The aim of this research was to study VE in swimmers by evaluating both chronometric performance and muscle fatigue (using sEMG).
Interventions
OTHERwith verbal encouragement
Each athlete swam a maximal 200m freestyle trial in two different conditions: one trial with verbal encouragement and the other without verbal encouragement
Sponsors
Universita degli Studi di Genova
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* at least 1 year of experience in training aimed at regional and international competitions * a score ≥ 200 points on the personal best in the 200m freestyle, in accordance with the international point score (IPS) (http://www. swimnews.com/ipspoints) * being healthy
Exclusion criteria
* having a disease
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| swimming velocity | up to 2min 30s | m/sec |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Triceps Brachii muscle fatigue | up to 2min 30s | time-course evolution of the median frequency of the power density spectrum (MF \[Hz\]) of the sEMG signal measured for Triceps Brachii muscle |
| Latissimus Dorsi muscle fatigue | up to 2min 30s | time-course evolution of the median frequency of the power density spectrum (MF \[Hz\]) of the sEMG signal measured for Latissimus Dorsi muscle |
| Pectoralis Major muscle fatigue | up to 2min 30s | time-course evolution of the median frequency of the power density spectrum (MF \[Hz\]) of the sEMG signal measured for Pectoralis Major muscle |
| Rectus Femoris muscle fatigue | up to 2min 30s | time-course evolution of the median frequency of the power density spectrum (MF \[Hz\]) of the sEMG signal measured for Rectus Femoris muscle |
Countries
Italy
Outcome results
None listed