Knowledge, Attitude to Health, Practice
Conditions
Keywords
oral health education, oral health promotion, school children
Brief summary
This study aims to compare the results of online oral health education and conventional oral health education methods in terms of their effectiveness towards improving the knowledge and practice of oral hygiene in primary school children in Egypt. This study is done in two schools in Egypt, in 3rd and 4th grade respectfully. The classrooms in each grade will be randomly assigned to each of the two groups (online and conventional oral health education). A questionnaire that assesses knowledge and attitude towards self oral care will be administered by the primary investigator before and after the oral health education sessions. The pre and post questionnaires will be compared in terms of results to evaluate the effectiveness of both methods.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALOral health education
oral health education sessions that aims to improve both knowledge of primary school children regarding bacteria, caries, number of teeth, plaque formation and attitude of primary school children regarding tooth brushing techniques, number of times per day, dietary instructions to avoid dental caries.
Sponsors
Ain Shams University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
the participants will know the group they are assigned to since they need to access the online oral health education sessions in case of being assigned to that group. The participants in conventional method will receive their oral health education sessions in their classrooms directly, thus making it impossible to mask both participant groups. the care provider is the primary investigator, and he is the person responsible of delivering the oral health education sessions which makes it impossible to mask the intervention details. Only the outcomes assessor (which is the statistician) will be blinded from the groups involved, names of participants and study details.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
7 Years to 10 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 3rd and 4th grade Egyptian students. * Average of age 7-10 years old. * Currently residing in Egypt. * Both male and female students.
Exclusion criteria
* Those who do not consent to participate in the study. * Those who cannot speak English or Arabic. * Non-Egyptians
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of Oral Health Education on the Oral Health Knowledge in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | 2 months | A questionnaire will be assigned to the participants to determine level of knowledge. Higher mean value of correct answer is considered to be of satisfactory outcome. lesser mean value of correct answers is considered to be unsatisfactory. The scale of measurement would be the total number of scores per participant entry on the knowledge section of the questionnaire. The knowledge section of the questionnaire contains 5 questions, 4 single answer questions and 1 multiple-answer question with two correct answers. The total score for the knowledge section is 6 marks (4+2), where the lowest score is 0 and the highest is 6. Higher scores mean better outcomes and lower scores mean worse outcomes. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | 2 months | A questionnaire will be assigned to the participants to determine the practice level of children towards oral hygiene. The scale of measurement would be on a percentage of correct answers, with minimum value denoting 0% and maximum value of 100%. Higher scores mean better outcomes and lower scores mean worse outcomes. |
Countries
Egypt
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Control Group, Conventional Oral Health Education Group Oral health education: oral health education sessions that aims to improve both knowledge of primary school children regarding bacteria, caries, number of teeth, plaque formation and attitude of primary school children regarding tooth brushing techniques, number of times per day, dietary instructions to avoid dental caries. | 312 |
| Comparison Group, Online Oral Health Education Group Oral health education: oral health education sessions that aims to improve both knowledge of primary school children regarding bacteria, caries, number of teeth, plaque formation and attitude of primary school children regarding tooth brushing techniques, number of times per day, dietary instructions to avoid dental caries. | 312 |
| Total | 624 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 7 | 5 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Comparison Group, Online Oral Health Education Group | Total | Control Group, Conventional Oral Health Education Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 312 Participants | 624 Participants | 312 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | 0 Participants | — |
| Region of Enrollment Egypt | 312 participants | 624 participants | 312 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 150 Participants | 315 Participants | 165 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 162 Participants | 309 Participants | 147 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
Effect of Oral Health Education on the Oral Health Knowledge in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old
A questionnaire will be assigned to the participants to determine level of knowledge. Higher mean value of correct answer is considered to be of satisfactory outcome. lesser mean value of correct answers is considered to be unsatisfactory. The scale of measurement would be the total number of scores per participant entry on the knowledge section of the questionnaire. The knowledge section of the questionnaire contains 5 questions, 4 single answer questions and 1 multiple-answer question with two correct answers. The total score for the knowledge section is 6 marks (4+2), where the lowest score is 0 and the highest is 6. Higher scores mean better outcomes and lower scores mean worse outcomes.
Time frame: 2 months
Population: all participants in both arms received oral health education session through colorful images and cartoons.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control Group, Conventional Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on the Oral Health Knowledge in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | 2.71 knowledge score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.53 |
| Comparison Group, Online Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on the Oral Health Knowledge in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | 0.81 knowledge score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.16 |
Secondary
Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old
A questionnaire will be assigned to the participants to determine the practice level of children towards oral hygiene. The scale of measurement would be on a percentage of correct answers, with minimum value denoting 0% and maximum value of 100%. Higher scores mean better outcomes and lower scores mean worse outcomes.
Time frame: 2 months
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control Group, Conventional Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | participants who brushed their teeth two times or more | 224 Participants |
| Control Group, Conventional Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | participants who brushed less than two times or forgot to brush their teeth | 84 Participants |
| Control Group, Conventional Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | participants who dont brush their teeth | 4 Participants |
| Comparison Group, Online Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | participants who brushed their teeth two times or more | 208 Participants |
| Comparison Group, Online Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | participants who brushed less than two times or forgot to brush their teeth | 97 Participants |
| Comparison Group, Online Oral Health Education Group | Effect of Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene Measures Practice in Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years Old | participants who dont brush their teeth | 7 Participants |