Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Negative Thinking
Conditions
Brief summary
The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of two strategies for coping with negative automatic thoughts (positive thinking and cognitive restructuring) on one's belief in negative thoughts and one's affect. Another main objective is to assess whether participating in a positive mood induction (versus no mood induction) prior to using one of the two coping strategies impacts belief in negative thoughts and affect. We will also explore the interaction between strategy condition and mood induction condition. As secondary outcomes, we will evaluate whether there are changes in positive thinking skills and cognitive restructuring skills and depressive symptoms after one week of using the strategy.
Detailed description
Participants will be randomized to learn about positive thinking or cognitive restructuring, which will involve watching brief videos, being presented with examples of how one might apply the strategy when experiencing negative thoughts, and practicing with a personal example using a worksheet. Participants will also be randomized to positive mood induction, which is comprised of an autobiographical recall exercise in which participants are asked to recall a pleasant memory before filling out the worksheet. Participants will be asked to use the strategy and complete a worksheet online once per day for six days. Participants will respond to questionnaires at baseline and after 6 days of strategy use.
Interventions
OTHERPositive thinking
Participants will be provided with information about how to cope with negative thoughts using positive thinking and asked to complete a worksheet walking them through the steps of positively reevaluating negative thoughts.
OTHERPositive thinking + Mood induction
Participants will be provided with information about how to cope with negative thoughts using positive thinking and asked to complete a worksheet walking them through the steps of positively reevaluating negative thoughts. They will be assigned to a positive mood induction before completion of the worksheet.
OTHERThought reevaluation
Participants will be provided with information about how to cope with negative thoughts using thought reevaluation and asked to complete a worksheet walking them through the steps of reevaluating negative thoughts.
OTHERThought reevaluation + Mood induction
Participants will be provided with information about how to cope with negative thoughts using thought reevaluation and asked to complete a worksheet walking them through the steps of reevaluating negative thoughts. They will be assigned to a positive mood induction before completion of the worksheet.
Sponsors
Ohio State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18 years old or older.
Exclusion criteria
* A level of visual impairment that would prevent them from being able to answer questions on an electronic screen.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Positive and Negative Affect Schedule | Assessed at baseline, each day for 6 days, and one week post-baseline. | The PANAS is a 20-item self report scale that measures positive affect (10 items) and negative affect (10 items). Each item is rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating a higher endorsement of each affective descriptor. |
| Change in belief in negative thought | Assessed at baseline, each day for 6 days, and one week post-baseline. | Participants will be asked how much they believed in a negative thought (0-100%) they recently experienced before completing a worksheet. After using a positive thinking or cognitive restructuring worksheet, participants will rate how much they currently believe their initial negative thought. |
| Change in mood | Assessed at baseline, each day for 6 days, and one week post-baseline. | Participants will be asked to rate their mood on a scale of 0 (very negative) to 100 (very positive) before and after the positive mood induction. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in positive thinking and cognitive restructuring skills | Assessed at baseline and one week post-baseline. | Cognitive restructuring skills will be assessed by the Competencies of Cognitive Therapy Scale-10, which is a 10-item self-report measure assessing the use of cognitive strategies to cope with negative mood. Positive thinking skills will be measured by the 10-item Positive Thinking Skills Scale, which assesses the use of positive thinking strategies to cope with negative mood. |
| Change in Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms Self-Report | Assessed at baseline and one week post-baseline. | The QIDS-SR is a 16-item self-report measure of depressive symptoms. Scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptom severity. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed