Type 2 Diabetes
Conditions
Brief summary
The number of youth with type 2 diabetes in the U.S. is projected to increase by a staggering 49 percent by 2050, with higher rates among minority youth. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is recognized as a sentinel study demonstrating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention among pre-diabetic adults but has not yet been replicated in youth. In addition, such intensive interventions are often not sustainable in high risk communities with limited resources. One strategy that has been successfully employed in adults from such communities is peer based health education. However, there have been no peer led interventions in ethnic minority teens and no interventions focused specifically on weight loss for diabetes prevention. Another challenge identified in existing youth health intervention programs is keeping youth engaged to enhance program participation and impact. One potential strategy is the use of mobile technologies (text messaging, mobile applications, social media) to support weight management programs, but to date use of such technologies has largely not been studied in youth. The Principal Investigator's NIH Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) aimed to use CBPR to develop and pilot test a peer-led diabetes prevention intervention incorporating mobile health technologies for at-risk adolescents. Based on results of focus groups which explored strategies for using peer educators and mHealth tools as part of a group lifestyle change program, the researchers did not find existing tools with all the features and functionalities required by users. The investigators therefore began working with teen stakeholders to create a new text messaging platform to support participants as the teens complete the intervention. This R03 research proposal aims to bring together clinical, technology and community experts to further develop and evaluate the mobile health platform. This will provide important pilot data to refine and disseminate the intervention for a larger RCT to be tested in a future R01. Specific Aims: 1. Synthesize real-time data and analytics and conduct user interface (UI) testing to refine and enhance features of the prototype text messaging platform. 2. Investigate the potential for the developed platform to be used as an adjunct to a group educational intervention by examining whether level of use, user satisfaction, and degree of engagement with the platforms modifies behavioral and clinical outcomes.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALText messaging
text messaging content to support diabetes prevention.
BEHAVIORALVirtual workshop
virtual workshop content to support diabetes prevention.
Sponsors
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 19 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
For Aim 1 (user interface testing): * Ages 13-19 years; * English speaking with English or Spanish speaking parent/guardian; * Affiliated with East Harlem. For Aim 2 (virtual workshop): * Ages 13-19 years; * English speaking with English or Spanish speaking parent/guardian; * Affiliated with East Harlem; * Overweight/obese based on measured body mass index; * prediabetic based on hemoglobin A1c
Exclusion criteria
\- Medical or developmental conditions which would make it difficult to participate in a virtual group educational program
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | baseline | Maintenance or reduction of BMI after completion of the virtual diabetes prevention program. BMI is a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can indicate high body fatness and may lead to health problems. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Who Were Engaged Every Week | 12 weeks | Text Messaging Program - Number of participants who initially consented to the study who were engaged every week |
| Level of Engagement | Over 12 weeks of time | Text Messaging Program - Level of engagement as measured by responsiveness to 2-way interactive messages. Percent responding over the 12 weeks. |
| Hemoglobin A1c | baseline | A1C is a lab test that shows the average level of blood sugar (glucose) over the previous 3 months. It shows how well a person is controlling blood sugar to help prevent complications from diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c (per American Diabetes Association): normal is 4-5.6% (5.7-6.4% is prediabetes and \>6.5% is diabetes level) |
| Body Fat % | baseline | For girls normal range is 16-31% for ages 13-18 years; for boys normal range is 10-22% for ages 13-18 years. Higher % indicates higher metabolic risk. |
| Waist Circumference | baseline | Waist circumference for boys/girls 10th-90th percentile ranges from 63.0-116.5 cm. Higher percentile indicates higher metabolic risk. |
| Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures | baseline | Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Higher blood pressure may indicate higher metabolic risk. |
| Total Cholesterol | baseline | (\<200 is low risk, 200-239 borderline, \>240 high risk). |
| Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) | baseline | (\<100 is best, 100-129 is acceptable for those with no health issues, 130-159 is borderline, 160-189 is high). |
| High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | baseline | (\>60 is good, 40-59 is normal, \<40 is associated with increased risk of heart disease). |
| Triglycerides | baseline | (\<150 is normal, 150-199 is borderline, 200-499 is high). |
| Portion Control | baseline | This is a validated scale to measure how well someone controls the amount of food they eat. The total scale value ranges from 8-32; higher score indicates better portion control. |
| Self-Efficacy Healthy Eating Subscale 1 | baseline | This is a validated scale to measure how confident someone is that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 8-40; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy. |
| Self-Efficacy Health Eating Subscale 2 | baseline | This is a validated scale to measure how confident someone is that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 5-25; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy. |
| Perceived Barriers to Health Eating | baseline | This is a scale to measure participants perceptions about the barriers they face for eating healthy. The total scale value ranges from 4-16; higher score indicates more perceived barriers. |
| Number of Participants Who Were Responsive to Interactive 2-way Messages | 12 Weeks | Text Messaging Program - Number of participants who were responsive to interactive 2-way messages |
| Strenuous Exercise Hours | baseline | Hours of strenuous physical activity (daily, average over the last week). |
| Moderate Exercise Hours | baseline | Hours of moderate physical activity (daily, average over the last week). |
| Mild Exercise Hours | baseline | Hours of mild physical activity (daily, average over the last week). |
| Time Spent Doing Physically Active Chores | baseline | Hours of physically active chores (daily, average over the last week). |
| Time Spent Walking | baseline | Hours of walking (daily, average over the last week). |
| Time Spent Doing Unscheduled/Unstructured Physical Activity | baseline | Hours of Unscheduled/unstructured PA (daily, average over the last week). |
| Screentime -Weekday | baseline | Screen time on the weekdays in hours (daily, average) - Combined TV, computer, video games, smartphone/Ipad/etc. |
| Screentime-weekend | baseline | Screen time on the weekend in hours (daily, average) - Combined TV, computer, video games, smartphone/Ipad/etc. |
| Physical Activity Self Efficacy Score | baseline | This is a validated scale to measure how confident participants are that they can be physically active. The total scale value ranges from 6-24; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy. |
| Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Score | baseline | This is a scale to measure participants perceptions about the barriers they face for being physically active. The total scale value ranges from 8-32; higher score indicates more perceived barriers. |
| Self-Image Score | baseline | Total range score from 6-24; higher score indicates better self-image |
| Depression Score | baseline | Total range score from 6-18; higher score indicates more depression symptoms |
| Body Satisfaction Score | baseline | Total range score from 10-60; higher score indicates higher body satisfaction |
| Emotional Eating Score | baseline | Total range score from 5-20; higher score indicates more emotional eating |
| Daily MVPA Hours | baseline | Daily MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) hours of moderate to vigorous physical activity (daily, average over the last week) |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Text Messaging Program Enrolled participants received the pilot text messaging program. Text messaging: text messaging content to support diabetes prevention. | 13 |
| Virtual Peer Education Enrolled participants received a virtual peer education diabetes prevention program.
Virtual workshop: virtual workshop content to support diabetes prevention. | 41 |
| Total | 54 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Text Messaging Program | Total | Virtual Peer Education |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized Age for each arm | 18.54 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.94 | 15.65 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.4 | 14.73 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.72 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 10 Participants | 33 Participants | 23 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 3 Participants | 14 Participants | 11 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 7 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Black or African American | 3 Participants | 14 Participants | 11 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Hispanic or Latino | 10 Participants | 32 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race More than one race | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 7 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race White | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 13 participants | 54 participants | 41 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 10 Participants | 31 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 3 Participants | 23 Participants | 20 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 13 | 0 / 24 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 13 | 0 / 24 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 13 | 0 / 24 |
Outcome results
Primary
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Maintenance or reduction of BMI after completion of the virtual diabetes prevention program. BMI is a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can indicate high body fatness and may lead to health problems.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Body Mass Index (BMI) | 32.8 kg/m^2 | Standard Deviation 7.26 |
Primary
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Maintenance or reduction of BMI after completion of the virtual diabetes prevention program. BMI is a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can indicate high body fatness and may lead to health problems.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Body Mass Index (BMI) | 32.95 kg/m^2 | Standard Deviation 6.72 |
Secondary
Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures
Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Higher blood pressure may indicate higher metabolic risk.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures | systolic | 115.33 mmHg | Standard Deviation 9.52 |
| Virtual Peer Education | Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures | diastolic | 62.67 mmHg | Standard Deviation 6.3 |
Secondary
Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures
Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Higher blood pressure may indicate higher metabolic risk.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures | Systolic | 117.58 mmHg | Standard Deviation 6.47 |
| Virtual Peer Education | Blood Pressure - Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures | Diastolic | 63.69 mmHg | Standard Deviation 6.78 |
Secondary
Body Fat %
For girls normal range is 16-31% for ages 13-18 years; for boys normal range is 10-22% for ages 13-18 years. Higher % indicates higher metabolic risk.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Body Fat % | 37.27 percentage of fat | Standard Deviation 10.46 |
Secondary
Body Fat %
For girls normal range is 16-31% for ages 13-18 years; for boys normal range is 10-22% for ages 13-18 years. Higher % indicates higher metabolic risk.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Body Fat % | 36.16 percentage of fat | Standard Deviation 8.27 |
Secondary
Body Satisfaction Score
Total range score from 10-60; higher score indicates higher body satisfaction
Time frame: baseline
Population: This outcome was not included in the baseline survey.
Secondary
Body Satisfaction Score
Total range score from 10-60; higher score indicates higher body satisfaction
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Body Satisfaction Score | 27.1 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.1 |
Secondary
Daily MVPA Hours
Daily MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) hours of moderate to vigorous physical activity (daily, average over the last week)
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Daily MVPA Hours | 1.4 hours | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
Secondary
Daily MVPA Hours
Daily MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) hours of moderate to vigorous physical activity (daily, average over the last week)
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Daily MVPA Hours | 1.1 hours | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
Secondary
Depression Score
Total range score from 6-18; higher score indicates more depression symptoms
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Depression Score | 10.9 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.5 |
Secondary
Depression Score
Total range score from 6-18; higher score indicates more depression symptoms
Time frame: baseline
Population: This outcome was not included in the baseline survey.
Secondary
Emotional Eating Score
Total range score from 5-20; higher score indicates more emotional eating
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Emotional Eating Score | 8 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.9 |
Secondary
Emotional Eating Score
Total range score from 5-20; higher score indicates more emotional eating
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Emotional Eating Score | 6.6 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.1 |
Secondary
Hemoglobin A1c
A1C is a lab test that shows the average level of blood sugar (glucose) over the previous 3 months. It shows how well a person is controlling blood sugar to help prevent complications from diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c (per American Diabetes Association): normal is 4-5.6% (5.7-6.4% is prediabetes and \>6.5% is diabetes level)
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Hemoglobin A1c | 5.75 percentage of red blood cells | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
Secondary
Hemoglobin A1c
A1C is a lab test that shows the average level of blood sugar (glucose) over the previous 3 months. It shows how well a person is controlling blood sugar to help prevent complications from diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c (per American Diabetes Association): normal is 4-5.6% (5.7-6.4% is prediabetes and \>6.5% is diabetes level)
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Hemoglobin A1c | 5.85 percentage of red blood cells | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
Secondary
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
(\>60 is good, 40-59 is normal, \<40 is associated with increased risk of heart disease).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | 42.14 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 7.93 |
Secondary
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
(\>60 is good, 40-59 is normal, \<40 is associated with increased risk of heart disease).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | 47.34 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 21.14 |
Secondary
Level of Engagement
Text Messaging Program - Level of engagement as measured by responsiveness to 2-way interactive messages. Percent responding over the 12 weeks.
Time frame: Over 12 weeks of time
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text Messaging Program | Level of Engagement | 0-10% of the time | 0 percent |
| Text Messaging Program | Level of Engagement | 11-25% of the time | 15 percent |
| Text Messaging Program | Level of Engagement | 26-50% of the time | 31 percent |
| Text Messaging Program | Level of Engagement | 51-75% of the time | 8 percent |
| Text Messaging Program | Level of Engagement | >75% of the time | 46 percent |
Secondary
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
(\<100 is best, 100-129 is acceptable for those with no health issues, 130-159 is borderline, 160-189 is high).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) | 97.85 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 31.08 |
Secondary
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
(\<100 is best, 100-129 is acceptable for those with no health issues, 130-159 is borderline, 160-189 is high).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) | 109.46 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 39.37 |
Secondary
Mild Exercise Hours
Hours of mild physical activity (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Mild Exercise Hours | 0.7 hours | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
Secondary
Mild Exercise Hours
Hours of mild physical activity (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Mild Exercise Hours | 0.6 hours | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
Secondary
Moderate Exercise Hours
Hours of moderate physical activity (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Moderate Exercise Hours | 0.7 hours | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
Secondary
Moderate Exercise Hours
Hours of moderate physical activity (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Moderate Exercise Hours | 0.6 hours | Standard Deviation 0.3 |
Secondary
Number of Participants Who Were Engaged Every Week
Text Messaging Program - Number of participants who initially consented to the study who were engaged every week
Time frame: 12 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Text Messaging Program | Number of Participants Who Were Engaged Every Week | 9 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants Who Were Responsive to Interactive 2-way Messages
Text Messaging Program - Number of participants who were responsive to interactive 2-way messages
Time frame: 12 Weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Text Messaging Program | Number of Participants Who Were Responsive to Interactive 2-way Messages | 11 Participants |
Secondary
Perceived Barriers to Health Eating
This is a scale to measure participants perceptions about the barriers they face for eating healthy. The total scale value ranges from 4-16; higher score indicates more perceived barriers.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Perceived Barriers to Health Eating | 7.7 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.2 |
Secondary
Perceived Barriers to Health Eating
This is a scale to measure participants perceptions about the barriers they face for eating healthy. The total scale value ranges from 4-16; higher score indicates more perceived barriers.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Perceived Barriers to Health Eating | 9.5 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.1 |
Secondary
Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Score
This is a scale to measure participants perceptions about the barriers they face for eating healthy. The total scale value ranges from 8-32; higher score indicates more perceived barriers.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Score | 14.2 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.8 |
Secondary
Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Score
This is a scale to measure participants perceptions about the barriers they face for being physically active. The total scale value ranges from 8-32; higher score indicates more perceived barriers.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Score | 15.4 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.5 |
Secondary
Physical Activity Self Efficacy Score
This is a validated scale to measure how confident participants are that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 6-24; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Physical Activity Self Efficacy Score | 20.2 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.5 |
Secondary
Physical Activity Self Efficacy Score
This is a validated scale to measure how confident participants are that they can be physically active. The total scale value ranges from 6-24; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Physical Activity Self Efficacy Score | 19.8 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.6 |
Secondary
Portion Control
This is a validated scale to measure how well someone controls the amount of food they eat. The total scale value ranges from 8-32; higher score indicates better portion control.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Portion Control | 25.1 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.7 |
Secondary
Portion Control
This is a validated scale to measure how well someone controls the amount of food they eat. The total scale value ranges from 8-32; higher score indicates better portion control.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Portion Control | 22 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.4 |
Secondary
Screentime -Weekday
Screen time on the weekdays in hours (daily, average) - Combined TV, computer, video games, smartphone/Ipad/etc.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Screentime -Weekday | 5.9 hours | Standard Deviation 2.3 |
Secondary
Screentime -Weekday
Screen time on the weekdays in hours (daily, average) - Combined TV, computer, video games, smartphone/Ipad/etc.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Screentime -Weekday | 7.7 hours | Standard Deviation 3.2 |
Secondary
Screentime-weekend
Screen time on the weekend in hours (daily, average) - Combined TV, computer, video games, smartphone/Ipad/etc.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Screentime-weekend | 15.6 hours | Standard Deviation 4.2 |
Secondary
Screentime-weekend
Screen time on the weekend in hours (daily, average) - Combined TV, computer, video games, smartphone/Ipad/etc.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Screentime-weekend | 17.3 hours | Standard Deviation 4.4 |
Secondary
Self-Efficacy Health Eating Subscale 2
This is a validated scale to measure how confident someone is that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 5-25; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Self-Efficacy Health Eating Subscale 2 | 18.9 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.3 |
Secondary
Self-Efficacy Health Eating Subscale 2
This is a validated scale to measure how confident someone is that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 5-25; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Self-Efficacy Health Eating Subscale 2 | 18.7 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 4.4 |
Secondary
Self-Efficacy Healthy Eating Subscale 1
This is a validated scale to measure how confident someone is that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 8-40; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Self-Efficacy Healthy Eating Subscale 1 | 24.8 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8 |
Secondary
Self-Efficacy Healthy Eating Subscale 1
This is a validated scale to measure how confident someone is that they can eat healthy. The total scale value ranges from 8-40; higher score indicates higher self-efficacy.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Self-Efficacy Healthy Eating Subscale 1 | 26.9 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.3 |
Secondary
Self-Image Score
Total range score from 6-24; higher score indicates better self-image
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Self-Image Score | 16.1 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.3 |
Secondary
Self-Image Score
Total range score from 6-24; higher score indicates better self-image
Time frame: baseline
Population: This outcome was not included in the baseline survey.
Secondary
Strenuous Exercise Hours
Hours of strenuous physical activity (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Strenuous Exercise Hours | 0.5 hours | Standard Deviation 0.3 |
Secondary
Strenuous Exercise Hours
Hours of strenuous physical activity (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Strenuous Exercise Hours | 0.7 hours | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
Secondary
Time Spent Doing Physically Active Chores
Hours of physically active chores (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Time Spent Doing Physically Active Chores | 0.8 hours | Standard Deviation 0.3 |
Secondary
Time Spent Doing Physically Active Chores
Hours of physically active chores (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: baseline
Population: This outcome was not included in the baseline survey.
Secondary
Time Spent Doing Unscheduled/Unstructured Physical Activity
Hours of Unscheduled/unstructured PA (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: baseline
Population: This outcome was not included in the baseline survey.
Secondary
Time Spent Doing Unscheduled/Unstructured Physical Activity
Hours of Unscheduled/unstructured PA (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Time Spent Doing Unscheduled/Unstructured Physical Activity | 0.7 hours | Standard Deviation 0.3 |
Secondary
Time Spent Walking
Hours of walking (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: baseline
Population: This outcome was not included in the baseline survey.
Secondary
Time Spent Walking
Hours of walking (daily, average over the last week).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Time Spent Walking | 0.7 hours | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
Secondary
Total Cholesterol
(\<200 is low risk, 200-239 borderline, \>240 high risk).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Total Cholesterol | 171.25 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 36.23 |
Secondary
Total Cholesterol
(\<200 is low risk, 200-239 borderline, \>240 high risk).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Total Cholesterol | 175.83 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 32.03 |
Secondary
Triglycerides
(\<150 is normal, 150-199 is borderline, 200-499 is high).
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Triglycerides | 73.5 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 42.13 |
Secondary
Triglycerides
(\<150 is normal, 150-199 is borderline, 200-499 is high).
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Triglycerides | 110.4 mg/dL | Standard Deviation 78.29 |
Secondary
Waist Circumference
Waist circumference for boys/girls 10th-90th percentile ranges from 63.0-116.5 cm. Higher percentile indicates higher metabolic risk.
Time frame: baseline
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Waist Circumference | 103.01 cm | Standard Deviation 18.78 |
Secondary
Waist Circumference
Waist circumference for boys/girls 10th-90th percentile ranges from 63.0-116.5 cm. Higher percentile indicates higher metabolic risk.
Time frame: end of study at 3 months
Population: Data was not collected for the Text Messaging Program. It was a pilot feasibility and acceptability arm and no clinical and behavioral outcomes were collected for this group.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Peer Education | Waist Circumference | 104.45 cm | Standard Deviation 13.69 |