Depression
Conditions
Keywords
Depression, Adolescents, Cognitive behavior therapy
Brief summary
Depression in youth is a serious public health concern for which more personalized treatments are needed. This randomized controlled trial will test the effect of an intervention aimed at enhancing social cognitive capacities (e.g., ability to take another's perspective), thereby making treatment of depression in youth more efficient and effective. Participants in the R33 (N=82) will be youth between ages 13- through 17-years-old currently experiencing depression. Youth will be randomized to either an enhanced CBT intervention that teaches social cognitive skills, particularly social perspective taking and theory of mind (CBTSCT) as compared to CBT only. The primary target is improvement in both social cognitive skills and depressive symptoms at post-treatment and at a 6-month follow-up.
Detailed description
Depression in adolescents is a recurrent and impairing disorder. Although some treatments have shown modest effects in children and adolescents (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy - CBT), there remains a critical need to build upon these therapies to reach even more youths with depression. One variable hypothesized to affect children's interpersonal relationships is their level of social cognitive development on abilities particularly relevant to social functioning and CBT (e.g., social perspective taking; theory of mind). This RCT will test the efficacy of an intervention aimed at increasing children's social cognitive (SC) abilities. Adolescents (ages 13-17; N=82) with depression diagnoses or clinical levels of depressive symptoms (PHQ9 \>15) will be randomized to either the social cognitive training enhanced CBT (CBTSCT) or CBT only. In the R33 RCT, investigators will conduct a trial aimed at replicating the results of the R61 with a new sample of 82 youth (ages 13-17) randomized to CBTSCT or CBT only. Youth will be evaluated regarding their social cognitive abilities (i.e., theory of mind), level of depressive symptoms, and social functioning at baseline, post-treatment, and at a 6-month follow-up. Finally, investigators will test if increases in social cognitive abilities partially accounted for the relation between treatment condition and decreases in depression. If the CBTSCT intervention significantly improves participants' social cognitive abilities and decreases depressive symptoms, then this will provide therapists with a more efficient and personalized treatment of depression in youth.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCognitive behavioral therapy plus social cognitive training (CBTSCT)
The study has two intervention arms to which depressed adolescents will be randomized: (1) CBTSCT is cognitive behavioral therapy enhanced with training in social cognitive abilities (e.g., social perspective taking), and (2) CBT only is cognitive behavioral therapy without the additional social cognitive training component.
Sponsors
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Vanderbilt University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
The individuals who conduct the assessments of the outcome measures will be unaware of to which condition the participant was randomized.
Intervention model description
The study has two intervention arms: (1) CBTSCT is cognitive behavioral therapy enhanced with training in social cognitive abilities (e.g., social perspective taking),and (2) CBT only is cognitive behavioral therapy without the additional SCT training component. Adolescents are randomized to either condition.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 17 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Participants ages 13- through 17-years-old 2. Youth must have a diagnosis of a current depressive disorder (e.g., major depressive episode; persistent depressive disorder) or a score on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) \> 15
Exclusion criteria
* ever met criteria for a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism, or conduct disorder * current alcohol or substance use disorder with significant impairment * imminent risk of suicide * reading level \< 4th grade
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Faux Pas Recognition Test | after 12 weeks | Faux Pas Recognition test (FPRT) measures the ability to identify and explain faux pas situations where a character unintentionally insults another person due to lack of knowledge about some key feature of the other character. FPRT contains 8 Faux Pas and 8 control stories without a faux pas. Stories are followed by 8 questions. Higher scores mean better theory of mind. |
| Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised | after 12 weeks | In the R33 RCT, depression will be another primary outcome measured with the CDRS-R, which is a clinical interview with the parent and teen separately, about the youth's depressive symptoms during the last two weeks. Higher scores mean more depressive symptoms. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactJudy Garber, PhD
Backup ContactSteven D Hollon, PhD
Outcome results
None listed