Depression
Conditions
Keywords
remitted major depression, depression vulnerability
Brief summary
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a cheap and reliable tool to investigate prefrontal brain activation in the healthy and diseased human brain. As such, fNIRS bears great potential as a diagnostic tool for clinical practice. Research indicates that fNIRS, together with a relatively simple task to activate the prefrontal cortex, the so-called verbal fluency task (VFT), elucidates prefrontal dysfunction in major depressive disorder (MDD). This finding can potentially serve as an imaging marker for disease pathology, even when depressive symptoms are absent. Indeed, recent research also suggests prefrontal dysfunction in fully remitted MDD (rMDD). Prefrontal haemodynamic responses may therefore serve as a trait marker for MDD vulnerability. This study aims to investigate the haemodynamic response in rMDD, healthy participants with increased MDD risk (HCr; having a 1st-degree relative with MDD), and low-risk healthy participants (HCnr; having no 1st-degree relatives with MDD) using fNIRS. The investigators hypothesize lower prefrontal reactivity in HCr compared to HCnr, and lowest prefrontal reactivity in rMDD compared to HCnr. This study has the potential to elucidate the neuronal underpinnings of depression vulnerability in the absence of symptoms that are sometimes considered a confounding factor when it comes to studying the biological encoding of depression.
Detailed description
Healthy participants with a high risk of MDD (HCr), healthy participants with a low risk of MDD (HCnr) and rMDD participants will be included in this study. Prefrontal haemodynamic response will be measured in all participants during the verbal fluency test (VFT) using 52 channels fNIRS. The VFT involves two neural conditions, one positive condition, and one negative condition. Both the neuroimage change and the behavioral outcomes of VFT will be compared within-group and among groups. The correlation between the neuroimage change and the behavioral outcomes will be analyzed as well.
Interventions
OTHERfNIRS measurement
measurement using functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Sponsors
Dr Georg Kranz
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) \> 24
Exclusion criteria
* Current diagnosis of psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, or autism * current or past diagnosis of neurological disorders, such as head injuries, strokes, encephalitis, epilepsy, Parkinson's, or Alzheimer's
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) change during VFT | Up to 6 months | The HbO change during VFT measuring by fNIRS |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR) change during VFT | Up to 6 months | The HbR change during VFT measuring by fNIRS |
| The VFT outcome | Up to 6 months | The number of correct words during VFT |
Countries
Hong Kong
Outcome results
None listed