Muscle Function
Conditions
Keywords
Muscle function, Females, Resistance exercise
Brief summary
Participating in regular physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of developing some diseases and disabilities that can occur with ageing. Muscles naturally decline with age, and in females this appears to occur more so around the time of menopause. Time, work, family commitments and the availability of facilities have all been identified as barriers to exercise in middle age. Increasing activity levels in middle age appears to improve muscle function and bone health. However, there is a lack of evidence in how muscle function responds to low impact resistance exercise in middle aged females. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and the mechanisms associated with building muscle as well as the effect on quality of life in middle aged (40-60 years) females using a low impact resistance training programme.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSupervised resistance exercise program
12 week supervised low impact resistance training program
BEHAVIORALUnsupervised resistance exercise program
12 week unsupervised low impact resistance training program
Sponsors
P.volve LLC
University of Exeter
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Two-arm parallel unblinded randomised design
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
40 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Females aged 40-60 years of age at time of screening. * Body mass index \<30kg/m2 and \>18.5kg/m2 * Considered moderately active according to the 7 day International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (Craig et al., 2003) * Self-reported as healthy (absence of injury or disease). * Availability and willingness to attended 12 weeks of exercises classes 4-5 times per week at St Luke's Campus Exeter and participate in the study lasting a total of 26 weeks.
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy. * Current diagnosis of a chronic disease such as diabetes, autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease. * Hysterectomy and/or ovariectomy. * Currently prescribed hormone replacement therapy. * Hypertension (BP ≥149/90 mm/Hg) * Either current smoker, or history of smoking in the past 6 months. * Currently taking supplements that have been shown to impact muscle function and muscle mass, such as creatine, in the last 6 months. * Prescribed medications that have been shown to impact muscle function and muscle mass, such as steroids, in the last 6 months. * History of epilepsy. * Current or recent injury within the last 6 months that may affect their ability to carry out the resistance training program. * Advised not to exercise by their General Practitioner or medical professional. * Resistance training consistently for 3 or more times per week for the last 2 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle function | 12 weeks | Peak torque (Nm) of the shoulder and hip |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Body composition | 12 weeks | Changes in fat mass and lean body mass |
| Bone mineral density | 12 weeks | Changes in bone mineral density |
| Muscle thickness | 12 weeks | Changes in muscle thickness |
| Muscle protein synthesis | 12 weeks | Rate of muscle protein synthesis |
| Energy expenditure | 12 weeks | Changes in energy expenditure rates |
| Sleep Quality | 12 weeks | Changes in sleep quality using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire |
| Physical activity levels | 12 weeks | Changes in physical activity energy expenditure as measured using an accelerometer |
| Exercise program acceptability | 12 weeks | Changes in the rating of enjoyment of leisure time activity using the Groningen Enjoyment Questionnaire to rate enjoyment of exercise on a scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree |
| Changes in balance | 12 weeks | Balance measured using the Y-balance test |
| Changes in flexibility | 12 weeks | Flexibility measured using distance (cm) in zipper and sit and reach test |
| Changes in cardiovascular risk markers | 12 weeks | Changes in biochemical lipid profile |
| Changes in diabetes risk markers | 12 weeks | Changes in biochemical measures of HbA1c |
| Self reported quality of life | 12 weeks | Changes in self reported wellbeing measures using the Short Form Survey (SF-36) |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sustainability of the exercise program through monitoring class attendance when unsupervised. | 12 weeks | Suitability of the exercise program as a sustainable form of unsupervised online exercise as recorded in participant exercise diaries. |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed