Sleep, Stress
Conditions
Keywords
mindfulness, sleep, stress
Brief summary
The purpose of Project MiCRIM is to test the feasibility and effectiveness of an online 4-week mindfulness-based intervention that incorporates informational elements about sleep, mindfulness, thoughts, emotions, and acceptance using a control sample of Criminology and Criminal Justice majors as a proxy for Corrections officers.
Detailed description
The study will use a waitlist-control design to examine the effectiveness of a brief (4-week) online mindfulness-based intervention aimed at reducing stress and improving sleep quality. A proxy, convenience sample of 50 criminology majors will be recruited and randomized into the active intervention or waitlist condition. The intervention requires participants to complete one mindfulness education module every week for 4 weeks, and to practice a 15-minute formal guided mindfulness meditation at least five times per week across the 4 weeks. Participants will also be taught evidence-based sleep improvement techniques, will be provided education for when to use the techniques, and will be encouraged to implement the techniques to improve sleep. Validated self-report measures of stress, anxiety, mood, and sleep quality will be assessed pre- and post-intervention. Adherence to the mindfulness practice will be monitored online and self-report assessments of sleep technique implementation will be collected. Sleep patterns will be assessed using a Philips Respironics Spectrum 2 Actiwatch, which is a wrist-worn device that measures movement and light exposure and estimates sleep-wake patterns. Lastly, multiple saliva samples pre- and post-intervention will be collected and analyzed by ELISA with a multiplex cytokine assay. Cortisol, α-amylase, and the four analytes with known deleterious roles in cellular and behavioral stress responsiveness will be measured simultaneously: interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha will be examined pre- and post-intervention.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALMindfulness-based intervention
Participants will complete one mindfulness education module every week for 4 weeks, and to practice a 15-minute formal guided mindfulness meditation at least five times per week across the 4 weeks. Participants will also be taught evidence-based sleep improvement techniques, will be provided education for when to use the techniques, and will be encouraged to implement the techniques to improve sleep.
Sponsors
Florida State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Intervention and control group
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 24 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
-Criminal Justice or Criminology major
Exclusion criteria
* Abnormal BMI (below 18.5 or above 30) * self-reported sleep apnea, head injury, neurological problem, unstable mental health disorder, substance use disorder, psychosis, or current suicidal ideation or plan
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Saliva Samples via ELISA Assay- Cortisol | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Tests for level changes in cortisol. |
| Saliva Samples via ELISA Assay- α-amylase | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Test for level changes in α-amylase. |
| Saliva Samples via ELISA Assay- interleukin-1beta | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Test for level changes in interleukin-1beta. |
| Saliva Samples via ELISA Assay- interleukin-6 | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Test for level changes in interleukin-6. |
| Saliva Samples via ELISA Assay- interleukin-8 | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Test for level changes in interleukin-8. |
| Saliva Samples via ELISA Assay- TNF-α | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Test for level changes in TNF-α. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses anxiety symptoms. Each item is scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3) with total scores ranging from 0 to 21 with higher scores reflecting greater anxiety severity. Scores above 10 are considered to be in the clinical range. |
| Sleep Condition Indicator | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Eight-item rating scale that was developed to screen for insomnia disorder based on DSM-5 criteria. |
| The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses the 20 Diagnostic Statistical Manual-5 symptoms of PTSD using a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). |
| Perceived Stress Scale | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses perceptions of stress. Scores are obtained by reversing the scores on the four positive items, e.g., 0=4, 1=3, 2=2, etc. and then summing across all 10 items. Items 4,5, 7, and 8 are the positively stated items. |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses sleep quality. The PSQI includes a scoring key for calculating a patient's seven sub scores, each of which can range from 0 to 3. The sub scores are tallied, yielding a global score that can range from 0 to 21. A global score of 5 or more indicates poor sleep quality; the higher the score, the worse the quality. |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Addendum for PTSD (PSQI-A) | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses sleep quality related to PTSD. The PSQI-A includes a scoring key for calculating a patient's scores, each of which can range from 0 to 3 with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. |
| The Smith Relaxation Dispositions Inventory | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses momentary states of relaxation during the past two weeks. Items scored on a 4-point Likert Type scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much). |
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire - Short Form | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Assesses 5 facets of mindfulness- observation, description, awareness of actions, non-judgement and non-reaction. Items scored on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often or always true). Facet scores were computed by summing the scores on the individual items. Facet scores range from 8 to 40 (except for the nonreactivity facet, which ranges from 7 to 35), with higher scores indicating more mindfulness. |
| Patient Health Questionnaire 9 | Change from baseline to 5 weeks | Measures depression severity. This is calculated by assigning scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3, to the response categories of 0- not at all, 1- several days, 2- more than half the days, 3- nearly every day, respectively. The total score for the nine items ranges from 0 to 27. 1-4 minimal depression, 5-9 mild depression, 10-14 moderate depression, 15-19 moderately severe depression, 20-27 severe depression. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed