Myofascial Pain, Pain, Psychosocial Impairment, Temporomandibular Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Pressure Pain Threshold, Intra auricular device
Brief summary
Background: An innovative, non-invasive, and reversible Intra Auricular Device (IAD) has recently been introduced to treat temporomandibular muscle and joint disorders.Aim: To evaluate the effects of the IAD on pain, psychosocial domain and Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) of masticatory muscles in patients with TMD pain. Methods: Ten subjects with TMD pain and with pain intensity higher than 30 mm on a VAS scale were included in the study. Patients received the IAD and counselling. Assessments included questionnaires of the DC/TMD Axis II questionnaires (Characteristic Pain Index, Interference, Jaw Functional Limitation Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire 9, Patient Health Questionnaire 15, Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, Oral Behavior Checklist and Oral Health Impact Profile-22, Axis I clinical examination and PPTs at baseline (T0), after one month (T1), three months (T2) and six months (T3) from the first use of the device. PPTs were measured at anterior temporalis muscles, masseter muscles and right thenar as a control site.The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for the normal distribution of data. The difference among the longitudinal timepoints for variable was analysed with ANOVA. Statistical significance was accepted at p \< 0.05.
Detailed description
The goal of ths study is to evaluate the effects of a new intra auricular device, the IAD, on pain, psychosocial domain and Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) of facial muscles in patients with diagnosis of TMD pain according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Temporomandibular Disorders
Interventions
DEVICEIntra auricular device (IAD)
The Intra Auricular Device (IADs) are a pair of inconspicuous, custom fit auricular prosthetic devices.The ear inserts are manufactured using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and are made from a liquid, photo-reactive acrylate (EShell 300), used in hearing aid shells and otoplastics for the last 10 years. They are designed to be placed into the outer third of the ear canals, and they have a small retraction post used to facilitate removal . A red or blue dot, respectively, indicates the right and the left side. The device do not interfere with hearing or speech
Sponsors
Federico II University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* age \>18 * TMD-pain diagnosed according to the DC/TMD (myalgia, myofascial pain, arthralgia, headache attributable to TMD) * disc displacement with reduction
Exclusion criteria
* disc displacement without reduction * intermittent locking * degenerative TMJ disorder * craniofacial anomaly * history of prior TMJ * orthognathic surgery * recent (within the past six months) trauma to the face or jaw * current, active orthodontic treatment * severe mental health disorder
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Psychosocial domain positive change | Six months from the first use of the device | Evaluation of psychosocial positive change through psychosocial questionnaires. |
| Change of Pain (evaluated with Characteristic pain intensity scale) | Six months from the first use of the device | This questionnaire is a valid instrument assessing pain intensity, numbers of days with interference and pain-related disability in the last month. The characteristic pain intensity score, which ranges from 0-100, is calculated as the mean intensity ratings for reported current, worst, and average pain |
| Change of Pain evaluated with instrumental exam( Pain Pressure Threshold) | Six months from the first use of the device | Pain Pressure Threshold were assessed by a single examiner at the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles (respectively TdxM; TsxM; MdxM; MsxM). An additional measurement was performed at the right thenar muscle (TenM) selected as a control muscular site. |
Countries
Italy
Outcome results
None listed