Alcohol Drinking, Coping Skills
Conditions
Brief summary
A total of 120 young adults who drink to cope with negative affect will be randomized to a 4-week, web-based intervention with interactive modules on cognitive-behavioral skills (n=60) or an assessment only control (n=60). Participants will complete 4 weekly assessments and a 1- and 3-month follow-up.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDrinking to Cope CBT skills
Young adults who drink to cope with negative affect will receive 8 web-based modules with cognitive behavioral skills
Sponsors
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
University of Washington
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
\- Eligibility criteria at recruitment include: 1)18-25 years old; 2) Currently live in the state of WA, 3) Have a valid email address and phone number, 4) Drank alcohol at least once in the past month, 5) report at least 1 alcohol-related problem in the past month, 6) report using alcohol to cope with distress via negative reinforcement (i.e., to provide relief or reduction of stress or depressed mood) in the past month
Exclusion criteria
* None
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol Use-Peak Drinks | past month | Peak number of drinks; Item measuring peak alcohol consumption, Think of the occasion you drank the most this past month. How much did you drink?, response options ranged from 0 (0 drinks) to 25 (25+ drinks); |
| Alcohol Use-drinks Per Week | past month | The DDQ (Collins, Parks, & Marlatt, 1985) was used to measure the quantity of alcohol consumed by asking participants to estimate the typical number of drinks consumed on each day of the week, on average during the past month. A sum score of weekly total drinks per week was then calculated as the sum of the total number of drinks per week reported. |
| Alcohol Use-heavy Episodic Drinking | past month | Heavy Episodic Drinking; NIAAA item assessing binge drinking, During the past month, how often did you have \[4 or more drinks (for women) /5 or more drinks (for men)\] containing any kind of alcohol within a two-hour period?, response options ranged from 0 (Never) to 7 (Every day); |
| Alcohol Negative Consequences | Past Month | Alcohol Negative Consequences, Sum score (count) of negative consequences taken from Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire; Scores ranged from 0-24, with higher scores associated with more consequences. |
| Alcohol Coping | Past Month | The Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised (DMQR; Grant V.V., Stewart S.H., O'Connor R.M., Backwell E., & Conrod P.J. (2007). Psychometric evaluation of the five-factor Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised in undergraduates. Addictive Behaviors, 32(11), 2611-2632. Doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.07.004 ) was used to assess reasons for drinking. Using a 5-point scale (ranging from 'almost never/never' to 'almost always/always' participants rate how frequently they use alcohol for various reasons. The alcohol coping motives subscale was used which takes the average of the 9 items on the coping-depression subscale. Average scores ranged from 1-5, with higher scores are associated with greater use of coping. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Depressive Symptoms | Past month | depressive symptoms; The eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8) was used to assess for symptoms of depression. A sum of the 8 items was used, with the summed score ranging from 0-24. Higher scores represent greater symptoms of depression. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Intervention A total of 60 young adults will be randomized to the 4-week, web-based drinking to cope intervention.
Drinking to Cope CBT skills: Young adults who drink to cope with negative affect will receive 8 web-based modules with cognitive behavioral skills | 60 |
| Assessment Control A total of 60 young adults will be randomized to the assessment only control condition. | 60 |
| Total | 120 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Intervention | Assessment Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 60 Participants | 60 Participants | 120 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 21.76 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.095 | 21.84 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.154 | 21.80 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.117 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 10 Participants | 7 Participants | 17 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 50 Participants | 53 Participants | 103 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 13 Participants | 22 Participants | 35 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 5 Participants | 9 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 36 Participants | 22 Participants | 58 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 60 participants | 60 participants | 120 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 35 Participants | 37 Participants | 72 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 25 Participants | 23 Participants | 48 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 60 | 0 / 60 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 60 | 0 / 60 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 60 | 0 / 60 |
Outcome results
Primary
Alcohol Coping
The Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised (DMQR; Grant V.V., Stewart S.H., O'Connor R.M., Backwell E., & Conrod P.J. (2007). Psychometric evaluation of the five-factor Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised in undergraduates. Addictive Behaviors, 32(11), 2611-2632. Doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.07.004 ) was used to assess reasons for drinking. Using a 5-point scale (ranging from 'almost never/never' to 'almost always/always' participants rate how frequently they use alcohol for various reasons. The alcohol coping motives subscale was used which takes the average of the 9 items on the coping-depression subscale. Average scores ranged from 1-5, with higher scores are associated with greater use of coping.
Time frame: Past Month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Alcohol Coping | 1.24 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.48 |
| Assessment Control | Alcohol Coping | 1.62 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.86 |
p-value: >0.05Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Alcohol Negative Consequences
Alcohol Negative Consequences, Sum score (count) of negative consequences taken from Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire; Scores ranged from 0-24, with higher scores associated with more consequences.
Time frame: Past Month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Alcohol Negative Consequences | 3.79 number of consequences | Standard Deviation 4.7 |
| Assessment Control | Alcohol Negative Consequences | 4.64 number of consequences | Standard Deviation 5.91 |
p-value: <0.05Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Alcohol Use-drinks Per Week
The DDQ (Collins, Parks, & Marlatt, 1985) was used to measure the quantity of alcohol consumed by asking participants to estimate the typical number of drinks consumed on each day of the week, on average during the past month. A sum score of weekly total drinks per week was then calculated as the sum of the total number of drinks per week reported.
Time frame: past month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Alcohol Use-drinks Per Week | 5.40 drinks per week | Standard Deviation 5.51 |
| Assessment Control | Alcohol Use-drinks Per Week | 6.09 drinks per week | Standard Deviation 6.56 |
p-value: >0.05Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Alcohol Use-heavy Episodic Drinking
Heavy Episodic Drinking; NIAAA item assessing binge drinking, During the past month, how often did you have \[4 or more drinks (for women) /5 or more drinks (for men)\] containing any kind of alcohol within a two-hour period?, response options ranged from 0 (Never) to 7 (Every day);
Time frame: past month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Alcohol Use-heavy Episodic Drinking | 1.69 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.92 |
| Assessment Control | Alcohol Use-heavy Episodic Drinking | 1.79 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.03 |
p-value: >0.05Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Alcohol Use-Peak Drinks
Peak number of drinks; Item measuring peak alcohol consumption, Think of the occasion you drank the most this past month. How much did you drink?, response options ranged from 0 (0 drinks) to 25 (25+ drinks);
Time frame: past month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Alcohol Use-Peak Drinks | 4.71 number of drinks | Standard Deviation 3.25 |
| Assessment Control | Alcohol Use-Peak Drinks | 4.79 number of drinks | Standard Deviation 3.64 |
p-value: >0.05Mixed Models Analysis
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Secondary
Depressive Symptoms
depressive symptoms; The eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8) was used to assess for symptoms of depression. A sum of the 8 items was used, with the summed score ranging from 0-24. Higher scores represent greater symptoms of depression.
Time frame: Past month
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Depressive Symptoms | 6.98 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.31 |
| Assessment Control | Depressive Symptoms | 7.98 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.41 |
p-value: >0.05Mixed Models Analysis