Cryotherapy Effect
Conditions
Keywords
Cryotherapy, Muscle strength, Flexibility, Endurance, Balance, Healthy people, Cold pack, Shoulder
Brief summary
The study will investigate the acute effects of cryotherapy duration on shoulder muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and dynamic balance in healthy individuals.
Detailed description
Cryotherapy is a practice that induces therapeutic effects by reducing tissue temperature to produce an analgesic effect. Cryotherapy application methods vary from simple ice packs and cold water immersion to whole body cryotherapy methods. The purpose of cryotherapy treatment is to reduce tissue damage, muscle spasm, edema and pain and to provide a faster rehabilitation process after injury. It is also used as a recovery technique after high-intensity training in different sports branches. Despite the proven benefits of cryotherapy according to the literature, discussions continue about its effect on some parameters and there is no consensus on the duration of cryotherapy application. In addition, although there are studies on the effects of cryotherapy on the lower extremities, studies for the upper extremity are limited and the results of these studies are inconsistent. In the literature, no study was found that evaluated the effect of cryotherapy application time on shoulder muscle strength, endurance, flexibility and balance. Therefore, in this study, the acute effects of cryotherapy duration on shoulder muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and dynamic balance in healthy individuals will be investigated and the optimum duration of cryotherapy on these parameters will be determined. In addition, the results of the research will contribute to the planned rehabilitation and exercise program.
Interventions
The temperature sense test was applied on the dominant side shoulder of the participants against the risk of sensory loss or decreased sensation. In order to test cold intolerance, a cold pack was placed on the forearm of the individuals. After waiting 2-3 minutes, the region was evaluated. Individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to the groups according to the randomization list created by the computer. Then, the participants' shoulder isometric muscle strength, shoulder flexibility, shoulder endurance and shoulder balance was evaluated. Except for shoulder endurance, all measurements were repeated three times, with a 30-second rest period between each repetition. A 2-3-minute rest period was given after each test. Then, the cold pack was wrapped in a thin and wet cloth on the shoulders of the participants. The treated area was checked every 5 minutes and the participants were asked to say when they felt any unusual symptoms.
Sponsors
Burcu Camcıoğlu Yılmaz
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Intervention model description
Individuals aged 18-25 years who volunteer to participate in the study will be included in this study and randomly assigned to 3 groups. After the demographic information of the volunteers is obtained and their dominant upper extremities are determined, the shoulder isometric muscle strength will be measured with a hand dynamometer. The back scratch test will be used to evaluate the shoulder flexibility of the participants, the modified push-up test will be used to evaluate the endurance, and the upper extremity Y balance test will be used to evaluate the shoulder dynamic balance. Then, cryotherapy will be applied on the shoulder for 10 minutes in Group 1, 15 minutes in Group 2 and 20 minutes in Group 3.After the application, the same measurements will be repeated and the values before and after the application will be compared.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Individuals between the ages of 18-25 who volunteer to participate in the study * No upper extremity orthopedic problems * No history of shoulder injury or surgery in the past two years * Absence of Raynaud's disease or cold intolerance
Exclusion criteria
* Having a history of shoulder injury or surgery * Cervical or thoracic spine disorders * People with any neurological disorder or known balance/proprioceptive deficits * Decreased sensation or decreased blood flow * Have Raynaud's disease or any cold intolerance
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Shoulder Muscle Strength | Just before and within 5 minutes after cryotherapy cryotherapy | Isometric strength of shoulder flexors, extensors, abductors, adductors, internal and external rotators will be measured with a hand dynamometer and recorded in kg. Each muscle group will be tested in three repetitions according to the procedures described by Kendall et al. The average of the three scores will be used for analysis. |
| Change in Shoulder Flexibility | Just before and within 10 minutes after cryotherapy | It will be evaluated with the Back Scratch Test. In this test, while in a standing position, the person's fingers are extended (stretched) and the arm is rotated outward with the palm facing the back, towards the ground over the shoulder and while doing this, the other arm is internally rotated, with the palm facing forward and the fingers extended. The distance between the middle fingers of both hands will be measured. If the middle fingers do not touch, the distance between them is recorded as (-) in cm, if the middle fingers touch end to end, the value is (0), if the middle finger crosses the other, the distance between the middle finger is recorded as (+) in cm. Keith et al. reported that the test had a high reliability coefficient (left hand, rxy=0.77 and right hand rxy=0.75). |
| Change in Shoulder Functional Balance | Just before and within 10 minutes after cryotherapy | The Y Balance Test kit will be used in the medial, superolateral and inferolateral directions with an angle of 135-135-90 degrees between them. While the dominant hand on the test kit is in the push-up position with the hand at the junction of the angles, the farthest point that the participants can reach with the fingertip of the other hand. and the distance he can reach will be measured in cm. |
| Change in Shoulder Muscle Endurance | Just before and within 15 minutes after cryotherapy | Modified Push-up Test will be used. In the test, individuals are positioned face down on the mat with their knees and elbows flexed. The participant will be asked to push his torso backwards by extending his elbows without disturbing the flexion of the knees. The number of correct moves in 30 seconds will be recorded. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature Sensation | Before cryotherapy | The test will be performed on the shoulder with eyes closed, by putting hot water (40-45 degrees) in one of two glass tubes of equal diameter and cold water (5-10 degrees) in the other. Then, these tubes will be touched to the person and the person will be asked to tell which is hot and which is cold. |
| Cold Intolerance | Before cryotherapy | There are four types of symptoms in cold intolerance: pain/discomfort, stiffness, dysesthesia (numbness or tingling), and discoloration. In order to test cold intolerance, cold application will be made on the forearm of the individuals and waited for 2-3 minutes. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed