Rectal Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Lower rectal cancer, Magnetic resonance imaging guided radiation therapy, High-dose radiotherapy, Toxic and side effects, Quality of life score
Brief summary
The incidence rate of colorectal cancer is third in male tumors and second in female tumors. The newly diagnosed incidence of colorectal cancer is no less than 100 thousand in China, which poses a great threat to people's health and a heavy burden of public health. Preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy combined with radical surgery is recommended for locally advanced rectal cancer. Low rectal cancer accounts for about one third of all rectal cancer cases. Due to the particularity of its location，surgical complications and postoperative patients need permanent colostomy (artificial anus) to solve the defecation problems, which has a serious impact on the patients' work and life. How to improve the quality of life of patients without reducing the survival rate has become an important topic in the treatment of low rectal cancer. Previous studies have shown that the prognosis of patients with pathological complete remission (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer is optimistic. The clinical efficacy of observation and waiting is good. The results of small sample exploratory clinical studies of radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy for low rectal cancer are satisfactory, and MR-linear accelerator can be used for precision radiotherapy for colorectal cancer. This study is aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of radical radiotherapy boost for low rectal cancer by using magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy system, and further evaluate the impact of boost on the quality of life of patients.
Detailed description
It is a prospective phase II, non-randomized controlled designed clinical study. For the optimal design, 58 cases of low rectal adenocarcinoma without metastasis were divided into queue 1 and queue 2 according to the start time of boost. MR-linear accelerator was used for dose boost of the local tumor region to make it reaching the radical radiotherapy dose. At the same time, fluorouracil based chemotherapy was given according to stages. The primary endpoint was 3-year progression free survival rate. The secondary end points were 3-year stoma free survival rate, 3-year local regeneration rate, 3-year disease-free survival rate, 3-year distant metastasis rate, 3-year overall survival rate, short term and long-term toxic and side effects, and patients' quality of life scale 1-3 years after treatment.
Interventions
RADIATIONMagnetic resonance guided radiotherapy
Radical radiotherapy boosting for low rectal cancer through magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy linear accelerator.
DRUGChemotherapy
For patients with AJCC stage II and III and age \< 72 years old, Capox ×6→capecitabine×2. Detailed usage: Oxaliplatin 130mg/m2 (reduced to 100mg/m2 during concurrent chemoradiotherapy), intravenous administration, d1. Capecitabine 1000mg / m2, twice a day, d1-14. Repeated every 3 weeks. For patients aged ≥ 72 years, or the competent physician judges that the patients cannot tolerate dual drug combined chemotherapy, capecitabine ×8 courses. For patients with AJCC stage I, capecitabine ×4 courses.
Sponsors
Sun Yat-sen University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Histologically confirmed as rectal adenocarcinoma. 2. MRI and / or electronic colonoscopy confirmed that the lower edge of the tumor was ≤ 5cm from the anal edge. 3. The AJCC clinical stage was cT1-4NxM0, with or without MRF positive and EMVI positive. 4. MSI gene detection or MMR protein immunohistochemical detection was MSS / PMMR. 5. No obvious signs of intestinal obstruction or intestinal obstruction has been relieved after proximal colostomy. 6. Age: 18 \ 80 years old. 7. ECOG score: 0-1. 8. Expected life: more than 3 years. 9. Hematology: WBC \> 3 × 109/L; PLT\>80 × 109/L; Hb\>90g/L. 10. Liver function: ALT and AST were less than 2 times of normal value; Bilirubin is less than 1.5 times of normal value. 11. Renal function: creatinine is less than 1.5 times of normal value or creatinine clearance rate (CCR) ≥ 60ml / min. 12. Patient who has not received tumor resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy or other anti-tumor treatment.
Exclusion criteria
1. There are any conditions that make MRI impossible. 2. There are serious medical complications. 3. Uncontrolled infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and mental diseases. 4. Any unstable condition or situation that may endanger patient safety and compliance. 5. Pregnant or lactating women who are fertile and do not take adequate contraceptive measures. 6. Refuse to sign informed consent.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 3-year progression free survival rate | 3-year after enrollment | Percentage of survive patients with no disease progression or death after 3 years from enrollment. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 3-year local regeneration rate | 3-year after enrollment | Percentage of patients with no local tumor regeneration after 3 years from enrollment. |
| 3-year disease-free survival rate | 3-year after enrollment | The percentage of patients survive with no disease after 3 years from enrollment |
| 3-year distant metastasis rate | 3-year after enrollment | The percentage of patients with distant metastasis. |
| 3-year stoma free survival rate | 3-year after enrollment | Percentage of patients survive with no enterostomy after 3 years from enrollment. |
| Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0 | During treatment. 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, 3-year after treatment. | Acute and chronic toxic and side effects |
| Patients' quality of life scale | Before and during treatment. 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, 3-year after enrollment. | Patients' quality of life scale |
| 3-year overall survival rate | 3-year after enrollment | The percentage of patients survive 3 years after enrollment |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed