Executive Function
Conditions
Keywords
acute exercise, concurrent exercise, inhibition, cognitive flexibility
Brief summary
Executive function is a high-level cognition which plays an important role in our life. Meta-analysis study has demonstrated that acute exercise could improve executive function. However, it is still unclear whether executive function can be enhanced by the concurrent exercise that combines aerobic and resistance exercise. Moreover, the sequence of concurrent exercise may result in different blood lactate concentration which may affect executive function. Therefore, the purposes of present study are: (1) Measuring the order effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function. (2) Measuring whether order effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function is mediated by blood lactate.
Detailed description
Executive function is a high-level cognition which plays an important role in academic performance, career, and interpersonal relationship. Meta-analysis study has demonstrated that acute exercise could improve executive function, and also observed similar positive effect through both aerobic and resistance exercise. However, it is still unclear whether executive function can be enhanced by the concurrent exercise that combines aerobic and resistance exercise. Moreover, the sequence of concurrent exercise may result in different blood lactate concentration which may affect executive function. Therefore, the purposes of present study are: (1) Measuring the order effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function. (2) Measuring whether order effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function is mediated by blood lactate.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALresistance-aerobic exercise, RA
Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 13-min resistance exercise, 12-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.
BEHAVIORALaerobic-resistance exercise, AR
Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cold down.
Sponsors
National Taiwan Normal University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants were randomly assigned to three group, namely the resistance-aerobic exercise group (RA), the aerobic-resistance exercise group (AR), and the reading control group (RC). Participants in RA groups were asked to finish 5 min warm-up, 13 min resistance exercise, 12 min aerobic exercise, and 5 min cool down. Participants in AR groups were asked to finish 5 min warm-up, 12 min aerobic exercise, 13 min resistance exercise, and 5 min cool down. Participants in RC group were required to finish 35 min reading. All groups took a 30 min cognitive test before and after the intervention.The blood lactate were collected before, 17 minutes after, and after the intervention.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 28 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. no history of psychiatric or neurological disorders 2. no history of cardiovascular disease 3. normal or corrected to normal vision and normal color perception 4. right handed 5. 18.5 \< BMI \< 27
Exclusion criteria
1\. Diagnosed with epilepsy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Stroop test | 30 minutes | The Stroop task consists of neutral, congruent, and incongruent trials. In neutral trials, colored rectangles were presented and participants were instructed to respond to whether the squares were red, blue, or green. For congruent and incongruent trials, participants were presented with the names of the three Chinese color words of 紅 (red), 藍 (blue), or 綠 (green) printed in either the same (congruent) or different (incongruent) ink color and instructed to respond to the color of the ink while inhibiting the meaning of the word. |
| task switch test | 30 minutes | The shifting aspect of executive function was assessed by means of a computer version of the task-switching test. In brief, each participant was presented with six blocks of 64 trials. For the first block, the participant was required to identify whether the stimulus (i.e., digits 1-9, without digit 5) within the solid-line square was greater/less than the digit 5. For the second block, the participant identified whether the stimulus within the dotted-line square was even/odd. The blocks 3-6 consisted of an equal number of stimuli from the first and second blocks forming an alternating-runs paradigm. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| blood lactate | 1 minutes | The lactic acid system is one of the important systems of human energy metabolism. In addition to supplying energy to muscles, it can also be used as an energy source for brain energy metabolism. When people doing exercise, the concentration of blood lactate will be increased, and the lactate acid system will replace the glucose system as the main energy source for the brain. In the present study, blood lactate were collected from fingertip with a lancet and measured by lactate analyzer before, 17 minutes after, and after intervention. |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed