Appetitive Behavior, Energy Balance, Metabolic Health
Conditions
Keywords
High protein breakfast, postprandial glycaemia, Appetite, Energy balance
Brief summary
This project aims to investigate the impact of acute bout of submaximal exercise under different pre-exercise dietary conditions (fasted state versus high carbohydrate breakfast versus high protein breakfast) on postprandial glycaemic, appetite regulation and energy balance in active healthy women.
Detailed description
Participants will be asked to arrive to the laboratory between 08:00 and 9:00 am after not eating for between 12-14 hours i.e. in a fasted state (water intake is permitted and encouraged). Participants will then be given one of three test drinks (i.e., breakfast): 1) water only; 2) high carbohydrate drink; or 3) high protein (whey protein) drink. Each of these drinks will also contain 500 mL of water and artificial sweetener. 2 h after breakfast, participants will then exercise on a treadmill for 45 min followed by a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 30 min ad libitum lunch intake. Blood samples, blood pressures and questionnaire (e.g., appetite and mood) will be collected in a regular pattern throughout the trials. Cognitive functions will be tested at baseline, pre-exercise and 2 h post-exercise. Energy balance will be assessed using food diary and an accelerometer for the rest of the day after leaving the laboratory until midnight.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALFasted exercise
Participants will remain fast (Fasted) 2 h prior to 45 min exercise at 65% VO2max.
BEHAVIORALHigh protein breakfast exercise
Participants will consume a high protein breakfast (Protein) 2 h prior to 45 min exercise at 65% VO2max.
BEHAVIORALHigh carbohydrate breakfast exercise
Participants will consume a high carbohydrate breakfast (Carbohydrate) 2 h prior to 45 min exercise at 65% VO2max.
Sponsors
National Taiwan Normal University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Masking description
Participants and Researchers will be blinded to the interventions.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
30 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy physical active women (self-reported regular exercise at least 30 min moderate-intensity 3 times per week) * Aged between 30 to 55 years * Weight stable for more than 3 months (no change in weight +/- 3%) * Non-smoker
Exclusion criteria
* Personal history of/existing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease or dyslipidaemia * Taking medications that may influence lipid or carbohydrate metabolism or immune system function * Men * Physically inactive
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Metabolic health | 150 minutes | Changes in postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses (e.g., area under the curve) post-exercise between trials |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gut hormones | 150 minutes | Changes in gut hormones (e.g., GLP-1, PYY and GIP, etc.) responses post-exercise between trials |
| Appetite | 30 minutes | ad libitum lunch energy intake (i.e., kcal) after OGTT between trials |
| Visual analogue scale (VAS) | 305 minutes | Changes in VAS from 1-100 mm (e.g., appetite & mood, etc.) between trials |
| Substrate oxidation | 305 minutes | Changes in total energy expenditure (i.e., kcal), lipid oxidation (i.e., kcal) and carbohydrate oxidation (i.e., kcal) between trials including pre-exercise, during exercise and post-exercise period. |
| Lipid profile | 150 minutes | Changes in blood triglycerides, cholesterol & NEFA concentrations post-exercise between trials |
| Blood pressure | 305 minutes | Changes in blood pressure (e.g., systolic and diastolic blood pressure) during trials |
| Cognition | 305 minutes | Changes in cognitive performance (e.g., reaction time in milliseconds and accuracy in percentage) during trials |
| Energy intake | 600 minutes | Changes in energy intake (e.g, total calories) using food diary once participants leaving the laboratory until midnight |
| Physical activity level | 600 minutes | Changes in physical activity level using an accelerometer to record once participants leaving the laboratory until midnight |
| Inflammation | 305 minutes | Changes in inflammation biomarkers (e.g., IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1ra, etc.) responses during trials |
Countries
Taiwan
Contacts
Primary ContactYung-Chih Chen, PhD
Backup ContactChen, PhD
Outcome results
None listed