Posterior Shoulder Tightness
Conditions
Keywords
Posterior shoulder tightness, Eccentric exercise, Shoulder impingement syndrome
Brief summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of shoulder eccentric exercise training on shoulder mobility, rotator cuff strength, pain and dysfunction, scapular kinematics and muscle activation in symptomatic overhead athletes with posterior shoulder tightness.
Detailed description
Overhead athletes commonly have posterior shoulder tightness due to repetitively high tensile loading during overhead throwing. However, intervention studies focused on posterior shoulder tightness in people with subacromial pain are still limited. Additionally, eccentric exercise was thought to improve the eccentric strength and neuromuscular control of posterior shoulder muscles to endure repetitively eccentric loading, which may improve posterior shoulder tightness and decrease the risk of subacromial pain. Nevertheless, no previous study investigated the influence of eccentric exercise on posterior shoulder tightness in overhead athletes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of shoulder eccentric exercise training on shoulder mobility, rotator cuff strength, pain and dysfunction, scapular kinematics and muscle activation in symptomatic overhead athletes with posterior shoulder tightness.
Interventions
OTHEREccentric-focused exercises
Three eccentric-focused exercises: 1. Shoulder external rotator eccentric contraction in shoulder abduction 90 degree 2. Shoulder external rotator eccentric contraction in shoulder abduction 0 degree 3. Shoulder abductor eccentric contraction in shoulder abduction 90 degree
OTHERStretching exercises
1. Modified sleeper stretch 2. Modified cross-body stretch
OTHERHot pack
Hot pack application on shoulder region
OTHERMassage
Massage for upper trapezius
Sponsors
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Participate in overhead sports over 4 hours per week * Age between 20 to 50 years old * Glenohumeral joint range of motion deficit: Shoulder internal rotation loss more than 15 degrees compared to the non-dominant side and total arc of motion loss more than 5 degrees or/and horizontal adduction range of motion lo more than 15 degrees compared to the non-dominant side * Shoulder impingement syndrome criteria
Exclusion criteria
* History of shoulder dislocation, fracture and operation * History of direct contact in upper extremities or cervical region in the past one month * Shoulder pain or neurological symptom caused by cervical problem * VAS more than 5 during shoulder elevation * Receive treatment for posterior shoulder tightness in the past 3 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rotator cuff functional strength ratio (Pro 4, Biodex Medical Systems, Inc., Shirley, NY, USA) | 4 weeks | Eccentric strength of shoulder external rotator and concentric strength of shoulder internal rotator are measured with isokinetic |
| Shoulder function | 4 weeks | Shoulder function is measured with Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH) Score range from 0 to 100. The higher of the score, the more disability. |
| Shoulder endurance test | 4 weeks | Participants will be instructed to execute a shoulder endurance test with the theraband®. Participants are asked to place their tested arm in a shoulder forward flexion 90-degree position, holding a 1-m long theraband® fixed at shoulder height on a graduated stick. Then, they are asked to pull the theraband® from the starting position to a 90-90 ending position at an alternated cadence given by a metronome. Males were asked to pull a green theraband® (2.1 kg) and females a red theraband ® (1.7 kg). |
| Shoulder range of motion (measured with goniometer) | 4 weeks | Shoulder external rotation, internal rotation, horizontal adduction range of motion in shoulder flexion 90 degrees |
| Shoulder pain | 4 weeks | Pain is measured with Visual Analogue scale (VAS) Score range from 0 to 10. Scoring of 0 represents no pain and scoring of 10 represents pain as bad as it could possibly be. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Surface electromyography (TeleMyo 2400T G2, Noraxon USA Inc., Scottsdale, AZ, USA) | 4 weeks | Muscle activation of infraspinatus, upper trapezius, lower trapezius and serratus anterior during shoulder elevation task in scapular plane |
| Electromagnetic tracking system (Liberty electromagnetic tracking system, Polhemus , Colchester, VT,) | 4 weeks | Scapular kinematics during shoulder elevation task in scapular plane |
Countries
Taiwan
Contacts
Primary ContactShaoYang Huang, Master
Outcome results
None listed