Fathers
Conditions
Brief summary
The key goal of this descriptive evaluation is to assess the extent to which participation in the Fatherhood Works Program is positively associated with improved attitudes and behaviors among fathers and father figures in Central Texas. Research questions will focus on whether attitudes and behaviors related to parenting, co-parenting, and employment change after participation in primary program services.
Detailed description
This evaluation seeks to understand the positive and/or negative impacts of an evidence-based core curriculum, Nurturing Fathers (NF), in combination with other workshops and case management services. All participants will receive a range of support services tailored to individuals' needs related to financial planning, career counseling, job search assistance, and occupational skills training. The program facilitator will offer the NF curriculum in both virtual and in-person formats. The evaluation will seek to determine to what extent participation in a program that uses Nurturing Fathers curriculum, in combination with other workshop programming, is associated with changes in parenting and employment attitudes as well as parenting and co-parenting behaviors.
Interventions
OTHERIntervention #1: Fatherhood Works Program Delivered to Participants
Participants receive 26 hours of Nurturing Fathers curriculum, delivered in person. Participants also receive employment supports, case management, and financial literacy training.
Sponsors
Goodwill of Central Texas
Midwest Evaluation & Research
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants receive 26 hours of Nurturing Fathers curriculum, delivered in person or virtually over Zoom. Participants also receive employment supports, case management, and financial literacy training.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Father figure * Child up to 24 years of age * Resides in Central Texas * Adult (age 18 and older)
Exclusion criteria
* Minor (under the age of 18) * Not a father/father figure * Resides outside of Central Texas * Child is older than 24 years of age
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | Change from baseline in parenting behavior (interaction with child) from enrollment to 12-month follow-up | 1a) Will participants report significantly healthier parenting behavior after completing primary educational services and employment support services? Items measured include: 1 item: frequency reaching out to children (categories, 5-point scale) 7 items: frequency engaging in key behaviors (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1 = never, 2 = 1 to 2 days per month, 3= 3 or 4 days per month, 4 = 2 or 3 days per week, 5 = every day or almost every day The 8 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0 |
| Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | Change from baseline in co-parenting behavior (interaction with co-parent) from enrollment to 12-month follow-up | 2\) Will participants report significantly healthier co-parenting behavior after completing primary educational services and employment support services? Items measured include: 11 items: frequency of agreement with key co-parenting behaviors (interval, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Co-parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3= Neutral, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree For 6 items, the lower the rating, the better the score. 5 items are reverse coded, with a higher rating indicating a better score. The 11 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1 | Change from baseline in parenting attitudes (attitudes toward child) from enrollment to immediately after program completion (7 weeks). | Will participants report significantly healthier parenting attitudes after completing primary educational services and employment support services? Items measured include: Parenting attitudes measured with: 7 items - frequency of key parenting attitudes toward children (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Attitude Scale #1 as: 1 = Always, 2 = Often, 3= Sometimes, 4 = Rarely, 5 = Never For 3 items, the lower the rating, the better the score. 4 items are reverse coded, with a higher rating indicating a better score. The 8 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0 |
| Healthy Employment Attitudes Measurement #1 | Time frame: Change from baseline in co-parenting behavior (interaction with co-parent) from enrollment to 12-month follow-up. | Items measured include: 5 items: level of agreement with attitudes related to job searching Measured on the Healthy Employment Attitude Scale as: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3= Neutral, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree The 5 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 5 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person Participants receive 26 hours of Nurturing Fathers curriculum, delivered in person. Participants also receive employment supports, case management, and financial literacy training.
Intervention #1: Fatherhood Works Program Delivered to Participants: Participants receive 26 hours of Nurturing Fathers curriculum, delivered in person. Participants also receive employment supports, case management, and financial literacy training. | 395 |
| Total | 395 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 392 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 35.6 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 130 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 261 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 16 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 225 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 16 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 8 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 126 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 190 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 205 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 395 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 395 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 395 |
Outcome results
Primary
Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1
2\) Will participants report significantly healthier co-parenting behavior after completing primary educational services and employment support services? Items measured include: 11 items: frequency of agreement with key co-parenting behaviors (interval, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Co-parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3= Neutral, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree For 6 items, the lower the rating, the better the score. 5 items are reverse coded, with a higher rating indicating a better score. The 11 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0.
Time frame: Change from baseline in co-parenting behavior (interaction with co-parent) from enrollment to 12-month follow-up
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 3.682 scale on score | Standard Deviation 0.837 |
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 3.64 scale on score | Standard Deviation 0.818 |
Primary
Parenting Behavior Measurement #1
1a) Will participants report significantly healthier parenting behavior after completing primary educational services and employment support services? Items measured include: 1 item: frequency reaching out to children (categories, 5-point scale) 7 items: frequency engaging in key behaviors (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1 = never, 2 = 1 to 2 days per month, 3= 3 or 4 days per month, 4 = 2 or 3 days per week, 5 = every day or almost every day The 8 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0
Time frame: Change from baseline in parenting behavior (interaction with child) from enrollment to 12-month follow-up
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 4.23 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.656 |
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 4.34 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.629 |
Secondary
Healthy Employment Attitudes Measurement #1
Items measured include: 5 items: level of agreement with attitudes related to job searching Measured on the Healthy Employment Attitude Scale as: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3= Neutral, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree The 5 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 5 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0.
Time frame: Time frame: Change from baseline in co-parenting behavior (interaction with co-parent) from enrollment to 12-month follow-up.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Healthy Employment Attitudes Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 4.42 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.771 |
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Healthy Employment Attitudes Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 4.42 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.683 |
Secondary
Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1
Will participants report significantly healthier parenting attitudes after completing primary educational services and employment support services? Items measured include: Parenting attitudes measured with: 7 items - frequency of key parenting attitudes toward children (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Attitude Scale #1 as: 1 = Always, 2 = Often, 3= Sometimes, 4 = Rarely, 5 = Never For 3 items, the lower the rating, the better the score. 4 items are reverse coded, with a higher rating indicating a better score. The 8 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0
Time frame: Change from baseline in parenting attitudes (attitudes toward child) from enrollment to immediately after program completion (7 weeks).
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 4.52 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.43 |
| Fatherhood Works Program Delivered In-person | Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 4.55 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.365 |