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Love Together, Parent Together: A Protocol for a Pilot Study of an Intervention for Interparental Couples With Young Children

Love Together, Parent Together (L2P2): A Protocol for a Pilot RCT of a Brief Writing Intervention for Interparental Couples With Young Children Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Status
UNKNOWN
Phases
NA
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT05261022
Acronym
L2P2
Enrollment
240
Registered
2022-03-02
Start date
2022-04-01
Completion date
2023-01-31
Last updated
2023-01-20

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Family Conflict, Internet-Based Intervention, Interparental Conflict, Marital Conflict, Marital Relationship

Keywords

Online Intervention, Family Systems, Randomized Controlled Trial, Writing Intervention, Couples' relationships

Brief summary

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a population-level threat to social relationships that requires a population-level solution. Among those who are particularly vulnerable to heightened conflict are interparental couples with young children, whose relationships may have already been under pressure prior to the pandemic. Reduced couples' satisfaction has been reported since the start of the pandemic, with over one-third of romantic partners reporting heightened conflict due to COVID-19. Couples are likely to stay in disharmonious relationships during times of socioeconomic upheaval, with the potential for relationship problems to persist over time. This may have serious implications for the mental health of parents, parent-child relationships, and children's emotional and behavioural problems (EBPs). Such a pattern is a societal concern given the known associations between couples' relationship quality and a number of critical indicators of population health, such as intimate partner violence, physical health and all-cause mortality, and economic instability, particularly for women. The current study protocol is for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the Love Together Parent Together (L2P2) program-a brief, low-intensity, scalable relationship intervention for parents of young children. The two-arm (treatment vs. waitlist) pilot RCT will assess the feasibility goals: continued relationship-building with established recruitment partners and outreach to additional recruitment partners to increase enrolment rates; recruitment of a diverse sample in terms of sociocultural identity factors, pandemic-related stress, and relationship distress; acceptability of randomization; outcome assessment schedule completion (for treatment and control groups), retention and adherence to the program; and program acceptability. Additionally, the investigators will conduct a preliminary evaluation of treatment effects by examining group differences in couples-focused (i.e., couples' relationship, conflict-related negativity, interparental functioning) and family-focused outcomes (i.e., parent-child relations, parent mental health and child outcomes). A scalable couples-focused intervention is critically needed to circumvent the social consequences of the pandemic on young families.

Interventions

BEHAVIORALLove Together, Parent Together (L2P2)

Love Together Parent Together (L2P2) is a brief, low-intensity relationship intervention intended to improve the interparental relationship for parents of young children.

Sponsors

University of Toronto
CollaboratorOTHER
McMaster University
CollaboratorOTHER
York University
Lead SponsorOTHER

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)

Masking description

Participants will be unmasked to their group assignment as they will be told their group assignment, by virtue of the psychosocial intervention. There is no care provider (the intervention is participant-directed and fully online). Participants report on their own outcomes and thus outcomes are not masked. Feasibility outcomes are masked. Study team investigators, including data analysts, will be masked. The research coordinator will be the only unmasked member of the research team.

Intervention model description

The current study is a two-arm (intervention vs. waitlist) design with pre-, 1-week post-, and 1- and 3-month follow-up assessments. The first 120 interparental couples who meet eligibility criteria and consent will be included in the study. The entirety of the study will be conducted online (via mobile or computer). The writing assignments (intervention vs. inactive-control task) will commence approximately one week following baseline surveys, which will include three writing sessions over the course of 12 weeks (one session every 4 weeks). Following the 3 month follow-up, couples randomised to the waitlist control condition will be invited to participate in the writing program (i.e., three writing sessions over the course of 12 weeks).

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

* Both participants endorse being in a relationship * Both partners reside in the same house * There are one or more children under the age of 6 living at home * Both participants are over age 18 years * Both members of a couple agree to participate

Exclusion criteria

\- No current plans or history of separation or divorce

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
RetentionWeek 22The percentage of participants who complete their Randomly Allocated Assignment (defined as completing baseline, 2/3 writing sessions, post-intervention, and 1/2 follow-up surveys).
Risk for Relationship Distress - Dyadic Adjustment ScaleWeek 0-22The percentage of participants scoring in the 'clinical range' (\<13) on the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Minimum score=1, maximum score=22. Lower scores correspond to worse outcomes.
Risk for Relationship Distress - COVID-19 Family StressorsWeek 0The percentage of participants scoring 'high' (\>29) on the COVID-19 Family Stressor Scale. Minimum score=16, maximum score=48. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
COVID Coping/BenefitsWeek 0Background information. Minimum score=14, maximum score=42 . Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Adverse Childhood ExperiencesWeek 0Background information. Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale. Minimum score=0, maximum score=14. Higher scores correspond to higher ACES count.
Participants Enrolled Per WeekWeek 0Number of participants enrolled per week, stratified by recruitment source.
Participant EducationWeek 0The percentage of participants with less than or equal to a College degree.
Participant IncomeWeek 0The percentage of participants income that is less than or equal to the regional median.
Racial DiversityWeek 0The percentage of participants who identify as part of a racialized group.
Sexual DiversityWeek 0The percentage of participants who are gender and/or sexually diverse.
Immigration StatusWeek 0The percentage of participants who were born outside of Canada.
AdherenceWeek 1-9The percentage of participants who complete 2/3 intervention sessions.
AcceptabilityWeek 10The percentage of participants reporting at least 'agree' on scales of attitude, burden, perceived effectiveness, and ethicality on the Implementation Acceptability Scale. Minimum score=7, maximum score=35. Higher scores correspond to higher acceptability.
UptakeWeek 5-22The percentage of participants reporting some use of conflict reappraisal outside of intervention sessions (i.e., reporting a score of 3 or more on a scale of 1-7). Minimum score=1, maximum score=7. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Couples' Relationship QualityWeek 0-22Using the Perceived Relationship Quality Scale. Minimum score=18, maximum score=126. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Conflict FrequencyWeek 0-22Using one item on a 7-point Likert scale: Think about your experiences with your partner over the last four weeks. How often did you and your partner argue with each other? Minimum score=1, maximum score=7. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
Conflict-Related NegativityWeek 1-9Using two items following a fact-based summary: I was angry at my partner for his/her behaviour during this conflict, My partner's behaviour during this conflict was highly upsetting to me. Minimum score=2, maximum score=14. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
CoparentingWeek 0-22The Brief Coparenting Relationship Scale. Minimum score=0, maximum score=84. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Brief Coparenting AssessmentWeek 1-9Six items from the Brief Coparenting Relationship Scale (Feinberg et al., 2012). Minimum score = 0, maximum score = 36. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Parent-Child PositivityWeek 0-22Using the 5-item parent-reported positivity subscale of the Parenting Practices Scale. Minimum score=5, maximum score=25. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Parent-Child NegativityWeek 0-22Using the 5-item parent-reported negativity subscale of the Parenting Practices Scale. Minimum score=5, maximum score=25. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
Parent Mental HealthWeek 0-22Using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Minimum score=10, maximum score=50. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
Perceived Partner ResponsivenessWeek 0-22Using the Perceived Partner Responsiveness-Insensitivity Scale (PRI-R)- Brief Version. Minimum score=8, maximum score=40. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Responsiveness Towards PartnerWeek 0-22Using the Perceived Partner Responsiveness-Insensitivity Scale (PRI) - Brief with items flipped to reflect responsiveness towards partner. Minimum score=8, maximum score=40. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Family FunctioningWeek 0-22Using the Family Assessment Device. Minimum score=12, maximum score=48. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
Child Emotional and Behavioural ProblemsWeek 0-22Scores will be standardized within each age group and used as a single outcome variable. Using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (Baby, Preschool and Standard versions). The Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist: minimum score=0, maximum score=26. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes. The Preschool Pediatric Symptoms Checklist (PPSC-17): minimum score=0, maximum score=36. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes. The Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17: minimum score=0, maximum score=34. Higher scores correspond to worse outcomes.
Child Effortful ControlWeek 0-22Using the Effortful Control subscale (12 items) of the Infant Behaviour Questionnaire- Revised Very Short Form (3-12 months), Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire-Revised Very Short Form (18-36 months) and Children's Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised Very Short Form (3-7 years). Minimum score=0 , maximum score=84. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.
Child DevelopmentWeek 0-22Using the 10-item Developmental Milestones scale from The Survey of Well-being of Young Children (i.e., the 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48 and 60 month age-specific forms). Minimum score=0, maximum score =20. Higher scores correspond to better outcomes.

Countries

Canada

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026