Anxiety State, Condition, Physical Suffering
Conditions
Keywords
Postpartum, woman-centered care, Standard care, comfort, anxiety
Brief summary
H1a: There is a statistically significant difference in anxiety levels between women who received woman-centered care in the early postpartum period and women who received standard care. H1b: There is a statistical difference in terms of comfort levels between women who received woman-centered care in the early postpartum period and women who received standard care. H0a: There is no statistically significant difference in anxiety levels between women who received woman-centered care in the early postpartum period and women who received standard care. H0b: There is no statistical difference in terms of comfort levels between women who receive female-centered care in the early postpartum period and women who receive standard care.
Detailed description
The research was carried out as a single-blind and block randomized control. The research was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Turkey between February, 2019 and February 2020. The universe of the research consisted of women who gave birth by cesarean section. In the power analysis, the sample size was calculated as a minimum of 105 for each group, according to α:0.05 and 1-β= 0.95. Considering the possibility of loss or separation of the selected specimens during the conduct of the study, 240 women who met the inclusion criteria were assigned to the experimental (120) and control (120) groups.Due to the nature of the study, it was conducted as a single-blind randomized controlled trial. The pre-test procedure was performed when the mothers' statuses were stabilized two hour after the admittance to the maternity service. The post-test procedure was conducted one hour before the discharge. Woman-centered care was provided to the experimental group, and standard care was provided to the control group.The women in the experimental and control groups were not told which group they were in. Each woman in the experimental group was given woman-centered care from the 2nd hour postpartum, and this process continued until the mother was discharged (mothers are discharged after 24 hours). The standard care provided by the hospital covers the basic postpartum care components. These components are the nutrition of the newborn and the protection of maternal and newborn health. A dynamic interaction was established between the women in the experimental group and the researcher in which woman-centered care was applied. Each woman in the experimental group was responsible for explaining herself, her own health behaviors, and her own needs and values. Descriptive Information Form, Postpartum Comfort Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used as data collection tools. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Statistics 22 software. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage values) were used to assess the results. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to review the goodness of fit to normal distribution.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALWoman-Centered Care Group
Each woman in the experimental group was given woman-centered care as from 2 hours postpartum and this process continued until 24 hours postpartum. Physiological parameters (systolic-diastolic blood pressure, pulse, body temperature) of women assigned either to the experimental group or the control group were measured at 2 hrs postpartum. The State, Trait Anxiety, and Postpartum Comfort Scales were pretested. A dynamic interaction was ensured between the researcher and the women in the experimental group who received woman-centered care. In the processes of determining and meeting the care needs of women in the early postpartum period, both the women and the researcher took equal responsibilities and the common goal of achieving safe results was shared. Clinical guidelines were used while providing woman-centered care.
Sponsors
Kutahya Health Sciences University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
Participants didn't know which group they were allocated. The participants will be blind when they take Woman-Centered Care from investigators.
Intervention model description
The study was conducted as a single blind, prospective, and simple randomized controlled trial. The sample was calculated through Power analysis. In the power analysis, the sample size was calculated as a minimum of 105 for each group, according to α:0.05 and 1-β= 0.95. Considering the possibility of loss or separation of the selected specimens during the conduct of the study, 240 women who met the inclusion criteria were assigned to the experimental (120) and control (120) groups. The size and number of blocks divided into two groups as E and C was calculated as 20 (6E and 6C) with twelve mothers in each block. Using Microsoft Office Excel 2016, numbers ranging from 1 to 20 were randomly generated. A total of 240 mothers were evenly assigned to both groups. At the time of the study, 22 women were excluded from the study. The research was completed with 218 mothers, 109 women in each of the experimental and control groups.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* To receive woman-centered care * To have cesarian section * To have singleton birth * To be within the early postpartum period (the first 24 hours) * Not have complications childbirth * Not have chronic diseases or mental disorders * Older than 18 years * To voluntary to participate * To know how to read, write and speak in Turkish * To stay within this study until the end * To fully complete questionnaire * To have a newborn with no complications * To have a healthy baby
Exclusion criteria
* To receive standart care * Not have cesarian section * Having multiple birth * Not to be within the early postpartum period (the first 24 hours) * Having complications childbirth * Having chronic diseases or mental disorders * Younger than 18 years * To refuse to participate * Not knowing how to read, write and speak Turkish * To leave early this study * Not fill the questionnaire * Having a newborn with complications * Having a baby in need of medical care
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Body temperature | 2nd postpartum hour | Body temperature was measured from the forehead using a non-contact thermometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The first measurement of the physiological parameters of the women in both the experimental and control groups was recorded when they agreed to participate in the study. The measurement taken at the 2nd postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
| Pre-Test State, Trait Anxiety | 2nd postpartum hour | The State, Trait Anxiety Inventory consists of two subscales, being state and trait anxiety subscales, and 40 items. The State Anxiety Inventory determines how an individual feels at a certain moment and under certain conditions, and the Trait Anxiety Inventory on the other hand, generally determines how one feels. High scores indicate a high level of anxiety. |
| Postpartum Comfort Scale | 2nd postpartum hour | It is a five-point Likert-type scale that evaluates the physical, psychological, sociocultural and environmental comfort of mothers who had cesarean section and normal spontaneous delivery. The lowest and the highest scores that can be obtained from the 34-item scale are 34 and 170, respectively. High scores obtained from the scale indicate that the level of comfort increases. |
| Systolic blood pressure | 2nd postpartum hour | All of women were measured from the cubital fossa area using a digital sphygmomanometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The first measurement of the physiological parameters of the women in both the experimental and control groups was recorded when they agreed to participate in the study. The measurement taken at the 2nd postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 2nd postpartum hour | All of women were measured from the cubital fossa area using a digital sphygmomanometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The first measurement of the physiological parameters of the women in both the experimental and control groups was recorded when they agreed to participate in the study. The measurement taken at the 2nd postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
| Pulse | 2nd postpartum hour | Pulse was measured using a digital sphygmomanometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The first measurement of the physiological parameters of the women in both the experimental and control groups was recorded when they agreed to participate in the study. The measurement taken at the 2nd postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Diastolic blood pressure | 20th postpartum hour | All of women were measured from the cubital fossa area using a digital sphygmomanometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The measurement taken at the 20th postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
| Post-Test State, Trait Anxiety | 24th postpartum hour | The State, Trait Anxiety Inventory consists of two subscales, being state and trait anxiety subscales, and 40 items. The State Anxiety Inventory determines how an individual feels at a certain moment and under certain conditions, and the Trait Anxiety Inventory on the other hand, generally determines how one feels. High scores indicate a high level of anxiety. |
| Post-Test postpartum Comfort Scale | 24th postpartum hour | It is a five-point Likert-type scale that evaluates the physical, psychological, sociocultural and environmental comfort of mothers who had cesarean section and normal spontaneous delivery. The lowest and the highest scores that can be obtained from the 34-item scale are 34 and 170, respectively. High scores obtained from the scale indicate that the level of comfort increases. |
| Systolic blood pressure | 20th postpartum hour | All of women were measured from the cubital fossa area using a digital sphygmomanometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The measurement taken at the 20th postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
| Pulse | 20th postpartum hour | Pulse was measured using a digital sphygmomanometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The measurement taken at the 20th postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
| Body temperature | 20th postpartum hour | Body temperature was measured from the forehead using a non-contact thermometer. In order to ensure consistency in the measurement of physiological parameters, measurements were conducted on the women using the same devices. The measurement taken at the 20th postpartum hour will be accepted. It will not be combined with the value measured at another time. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed