Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Conditions
Brief summary
Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies and the deposition of immune complexes, affecting a wide range of organs. The clinical onset of SLE derives from the interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental, immunological and hormonal factors, with a strong predilection for women of childbearing age. SLE is usually diagnosed in young women in the third decade of life and represents the leading cause of systemic disease with secondary kidney involvement. Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in \ 50% of patients with SLE and is the most common, but not the only, cause of kidney injury in SLE. LN typically develops early in the disease course, generally within the first 6 to 36 months, and may be present at initial diagnosis. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine with regulatory roles in innate and adaptive immunity and is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including SLE. MIF actively participates in multiple stages of the inflammatory response, acting on cells directly and/or potentiating the effects exerted by other stimuli. MIF overcomes the inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids on TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 production. MIF is implicated in the pathogenesis of other autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis and Guillain Barré syndrome.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTMacrophage migration inhibitory factor
Assessment of disease activity: This assessment will be performed using the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI). The SLEDAI is an index designed to assess disease activity in the preceding 10 days, with 24 weighted clinical and laboratory variables corresponding to 9 different organs/systems. The SLEDAI score ranges from 0 to 105 Renal activity will be evaluated with the renal-SLEDAI (rSLEDAI), which represents the sum of the renal items of the SLEDAI. The rSLEDAI includes the following items: proteinuria, pyuria, erythrocyturia, and urine casts; each one is scored with 0 meaning absence or 4 points meaning presence; therefore, the maximum rSLEDAI is 16
Sponsors
Assiut University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Adult SLE patients \>18 years * fulfilled the 2012 systemic lupus international collaborating clinics (SLICC) criteria
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with overlap syndrome, pregnancy, active infection, diseases other than SLE that might produce abnormal proteinuria. * Individuals with other autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| level of Serum Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Level in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Its Association with Disease Activity and Severity | 1 hour | measurement through ELISA |
Outcome results
None listed