COVID-19
Conditions
Keywords
Latino Day Laborers
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to adapt and pilot test the feasibility of implementing a corner-based risk reduction program that aims to assist Latino day laborers (LDL) in their efforts to adhere to COVID-19 mitigation practices, including receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, using personal protective equipment (PPE), and practicing social distancing.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCOVID-19 Group Problem Solving
The COVID-19 Group Problem Solving component incorporates popular education activities aimed at: developing social cohesion among LDLs; building awareness about COVID-19 risks and protective behaviors; and developing a plan of action to reduce theirs and their peers' risk for COVID-19 transmission. The intervention will be developed to take place over a \ 30-45-minute period in order to fit within the corner context of LDLs waiting for employment, and will be delivered by promoters from our team and the community partner agency, Fe & Justicia Workers Center. Following the completion of the intervention, a health promoter will be trained as a navigator assist participants who wish to get vaccinated by providing them with information about near-by vaccination sites that they can visit to get vaccinated. If needed, the promotor will assist them with making their vaccine appointment.
BEHAVIORALStandard of Care
The standard of care consists of the distribution of brochures containing COVID-19 prevention information.
Sponsors
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Cluster Randomized
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Self-identify as Hispanic or Latino * Be present at the corner for the purposes of looking for work
Exclusion criteria
* Have not been previously hired to work at a corner * Symptoms of COVID-19 in the previous 48 hours
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Mask Wearing Frequency as Assessed by Change in Mean Mask Use Total Score on a Survey | Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention | Participants were asked seven items measuring how often they had worn a mask in different situations (e.g. while at the corner) in the last 30 days (baseline) or since their baseline survey (one month post test). Responses were recorded as 1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Many Times; 4 = All the Time. Participants could refuse to answer any item or respond that the particular item did not apply to them (for example., they do not wear a mask on public transport because they do not take public transport) . These responses were treated as missing. Mask Use score was computed as the mean score of the items with a non-missing response, and mean mask use total score could range from 1 to 4. Change in mean mask use score is reported, and change score was computed by subtracting the baseline score from the post test score, with a negative change score indicating a decrease in mask use. |
| Change in Social Distancing as Assessed by Change in Mean Social Distancing Total Score on a Survey | Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention | Participants were asked six items measuring how often they had practiced Social Distancing in different situations (e.g. while at the worksite) in the last 30 days (baseline) or since their baseline survey (one month post test). Responses were recorded as 1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Many Times; 4 = All the Time. Participants could refuse to answer any item or respond that the particular item did not apply to them. These responses were treated as missing Social Distancing score was computed as the mean score of the items with a non-missing response, and mean mask use total score could range from 1 to 4. Change in mean mask use score is reported and was computed by subtracting the baseline score from the post test score, with a negative change score indicating a decrease in social distancing. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care The COVID-19 Group Problem Solving component incorporates popular education activities aimed at: developing social cohesion among LDLs; building awareness about COVID-19 risks and protective behaviors; and developing a plan of action to reduce theirs and their peers' risk for COVID-19 transmission. The intervention will be developed to take place over a \
30-45-minute period in order to fit within the corner context of LDLs waiting for employment, and will be delivered by promoters from our team and the community partner agency, Fe & Justicia Workers Center. Following the completion of the intervention, a health promoter will be trained as a navigator assist participants who wish to get vaccinated by providing them with information about near-by vaccination sites that they can visit to get vaccinated. If needed, the promotor will assist them with making their vaccine appointment.
The Group Problem Solving arm will also receive standard of care, which consists of the distribution of brochures containing COVID-19 prevention information. | 100 |
| Standard of Care The Control arm will receive standard of care, which consists of the distribution of brochures containing COVID-19 prevention information. | 99 |
| Total | 199 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Total | Standard of Care |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 49.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 | 46.7 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.2 | 44.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.6 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 100 Participants | 199 Participants | 99 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 100 Participants | 199 Participants | 99 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 100 Participants | 199 Participants | 99 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 99 Participants | 198 Participants | 99 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 101 | 0 / 99 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 101 | 0 / 99 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 101 | 0 / 99 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey
Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention
Population: Baseline and 4 week data were only collected for 81 in the COVID-19 Group Problem Solving plus Standard of Care arm and for 80 in the Standard of Care arm.
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants not vaccinated at baseline and who did not receive vaccine after baseline | 24 Participants |
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants not vaccinated at baseline and who received vaccine after baseline | 1 Participants |
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants vaccinated at baseline and did not receive a repeat vaccine after baseline | 49 Participants |
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants vaccinated at baseline and who received a repeat vaccine after baseline | 7 Participants |
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants vaccinated at baseline and who received a repeat vaccine after baseline | 8 Participants |
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants not vaccinated at baseline and who did not receive vaccine after baseline | 36 Participants |
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants vaccinated at baseline and did not receive a repeat vaccine after baseline | 36 Participants |
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants With Change in COVID-19 Vaccination Status Assessed by a Survey | Number of participants not vaccinated at baseline and who received vaccine after baseline | 0 Participants |
Secondary
Change in Mask Wearing Frequency as Assessed by Change in Mean Mask Use Total Score on a Survey
Participants were asked seven items measuring how often they had worn a mask in different situations (e.g. while at the corner) in the last 30 days (baseline) or since their baseline survey (one month post test). Responses were recorded as 1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Many Times; 4 = All the Time. Participants could refuse to answer any item or respond that the particular item did not apply to them (for example., they do not wear a mask on public transport because they do not take public transport) . These responses were treated as missing. Mask Use score was computed as the mean score of the items with a non-missing response, and mean mask use total score could range from 1 to 4. Change in mean mask use score is reported, and change score was computed by subtracting the baseline score from the post test score, with a negative change score indicating a decrease in mask use.
Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention
Population: Baseline and 4 week data were only collected for 84 in the COVID-19 Group Problem Solving plus Standard of Care arm and for 82 in the Standard of Care arm.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Change in Mask Wearing Frequency as Assessed by Change in Mean Mask Use Total Score on a Survey | -0.38 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.95 |
| Standard of Care | Change in Mask Wearing Frequency as Assessed by Change in Mean Mask Use Total Score on a Survey | -0.32 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
Secondary
Change in Social Distancing as Assessed by Change in Mean Social Distancing Total Score on a Survey
Participants were asked six items measuring how often they had practiced Social Distancing in different situations (e.g. while at the worksite) in the last 30 days (baseline) or since their baseline survey (one month post test). Responses were recorded as 1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Many Times; 4 = All the Time. Participants could refuse to answer any item or respond that the particular item did not apply to them. These responses were treated as missing Social Distancing score was computed as the mean score of the items with a non-missing response, and mean mask use total score could range from 1 to 4. Change in mean mask use score is reported and was computed by subtracting the baseline score from the post test score, with a negative change score indicating a decrease in social distancing.
Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention
Population: Baseline and 4 week data were only collected for 83 in the COVID-19 Group Problem Solving plus Standard of Care arm and for 82 in the Standard of Care arm.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Group Problem Solving Plus Standard of Care | Change in Social Distancing as Assessed by Change in Mean Social Distancing Total Score on a Survey | -0.13 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.86 |
| Standard of Care | Change in Social Distancing as Assessed by Change in Mean Social Distancing Total Score on a Survey | -0.09 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.82 |