Fathers
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of the Fresno Area Workforce Development Board FIRE program evaluation is to determine whether primary (i.e., behaviors) and secondary (i.e., attitudes) outcomes improve for participants after completing the Fresno FIRE program. Understanding the ways in which the Fresno FIRE program supports healthy parenting relationships and financial stability is important for those providing services to at-risk fathers.
Detailed description
After being informed about the study and giving consent, participants will enroll in a nine-week Fresno Fatherhood program that collects data at enrollment, at the end of the program, and 12 months following the program. Research questions in this study are framed by a descriptive evaluation design to assess whether outcomes improve for low-income fathers who participate in the Fresno FIRE program. Primary and secondary outcomes are assessed before and after participants complete core curricula - 24/7 Dads and career readiness workshops (pre to post). Primary outcome measures will indicate whether behavior improved for healthy family relationships (parent, co-parent, and partner) and economic stability (financial, employment). Secondary outcomes will indicate whether improvements were made in the attitudes and expectations that facilitate and reflect behavior for healthy family relationships and economic stability.
Interventions
OTHERPrimary Services
Primary services: Participants receive 16 hours of 24/7 Dads curricula and at least 2 hours of career readiness workshops over the course of 9 weeks. Participants also receive ongoing job readiness support and post-employment support.
Sponsors
Fresno Area Workforce Development Board (FAWDB)
Midwest Evaluation & Research
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Arms Primary services: Participants receive 16 hours of 24/7 Dads curricula and at least 2 hours of career readiness workshops over the course of 9 weeks. Participants also receive ongoing job readiness support and post-employment support. Assigned Interventions Primary services: Participants receive 16 hours of 24/7 Dads curricula and at least 2 hours of career readiness workshops over the course of 9 weeks. Participants also receive ongoing job readiness support and post-employment support.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Months to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Adult (age 18 and older) * Father/father figure of child under 24 years of age * Residing in Fresno area, CA * Has at-risk factors (residing in high poverty area, formerly justice-involved)
Exclusion criteria
* Minor (under the age of 18) * Not a father/father figure * Father of a child over 24 years of age * Reside outside of Fresno area, CA
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy Parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | Change from baseline in behavior in parenting behavior (interaction with children at 12 months from enrollment).] | 1A) Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy parenting behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: Parenting behavior and interaction with children measured with: 9 items- frequency of engagement in key behaviors (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1=Never 2=1 to 2 days per month 3=3 or 4 days per month 4=2 or 3 days per week 5=Every day or almost every day Higher ratings indicate higher frequency of engagement in parenting behavior and interaction with children, so the higher the rating, the better the score. The 9 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 9 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0 |
| Healthy Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | Change from baseline in co-parenting behavior at 12 months from enrollment. | Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy co-parenting behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: Co-parenting behavior measured with: 11 items: frequency of agreement with key co-parenting behaviors (interval, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Co-Parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Neutral 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree The 11 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 11 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0 |
| Healthy Financial Behavior Measurement #1 | Change in parenting attitudes (towards children) at 12 months from enrollment | Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy financial behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: Father financial behavior measured with: 2 items: yes (1) or no (0) questions for have checking account and have a savings account (dichotomous) Yes (1) responses indicate financial readiness, so the higher the rating, the better the score. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1 | Change in parenting attitudes (towards children) from baseline to immediately after program completion. | Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy parenting attitudes/beliefs/expectations after completing the Fresno Fatherhood program? Items measured include: Parenting attitudes toward children measured with: 7 items: frequency of key attitudes (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Attitudes Scale #1 as: 1. Always 2. Often 3. Sometimes 4. Rarely 5. Never The 7 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 7 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0. |
| Healthy Employment Attitudes | Change from baseline in healthy employment attitudes to immediately after program completion. | Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy employment attitudes/beliefs/expectations after completing the Fresno Fatherhood program? Items measured include: 8 items: levels of agreement with key employment attitudes (categories, 5-point scale) 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Neutral 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree The 8 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0 |
| Healthy Financial Attitudes | Change in healthy financial attitudes from baseline to immediately after program completion. | Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy financial attitudes/beliefs/expectations after completing the Fresno Fatherhood program? Items measured include: 7 items: agreement with key financial attitudes (categories, 5-point scale) 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Neutral 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree The 7 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 7 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0 |
| Healthy Employment Behaviors | Change from baseline in father financial behavior at 12 months from enrollment.] | Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy employment behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: 1 item: yes (1) or no (0) questions for having a resume (dichotomous) Yes responses indicate employment readiness, so the higher the rating, the better the score. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Primary Services Primary services: Participants receive 16 hours of 24/7 Dads curricula and at least 2 hours of career readiness workshops over the course of 9 weeks. Participants also receive ongoing job readiness support and post-employment support.
Primary Services: Primary services: Participants receive 16 hours of 24/7 Dads curricula and at least 2 hours of career readiness workshops over the course of 9 weeks. Participants also receive ongoing job readiness support and post-employment support. | 488 |
| Total | 488 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Primary Services |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 485 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 37.26 years |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 49 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 15 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 88 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 186 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 10 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 137 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 488 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 488 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 488 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 488 |
Outcome results
Primary
Healthy Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1
Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy co-parenting behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: Co-parenting behavior measured with: 11 items: frequency of agreement with key co-parenting behaviors (interval, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Co-Parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Neutral 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree The 11 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 11 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0
Time frame: Change from baseline in co-parenting behavior at 12 months from enrollment.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 3.49 score on scale | Standard Deviation 1.04 |
| Primary Services | Healthy Co-parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 3.50 score on scale | Standard Deviation 1.01 |
Primary
Healthy Financial Behavior Measurement #1
Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy financial behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: Father financial behavior measured with: 2 items: yes (1) or no (0) questions for have checking account and have a savings account (dichotomous) Yes (1) responses indicate financial readiness, so the higher the rating, the better the score.
Time frame: Change in parenting attitudes (towards children) at 12 months from enrollment
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Financial Behavior Measurement #1 | have savings account-baseline | 71 Participants |
| Primary Services | Healthy Financial Behavior Measurement #1 | have checking account-follow-up | 137 Participants |
| Primary Services | Healthy Financial Behavior Measurement #1 | have savings account-follow-up | 105 Participants |
| Primary Services | Healthy Financial Behavior Measurement #1 | have checking account-baseline | 76 Participants |
Primary
Healthy Parenting Behavior Measurement #1
1A) Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy parenting behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: Parenting behavior and interaction with children measured with: 9 items- frequency of engagement in key behaviors (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Behavior Scale #1 as: 1=Never 2=1 to 2 days per month 3=3 or 4 days per month 4=2 or 3 days per week 5=Every day or almost every day Higher ratings indicate higher frequency of engagement in parenting behavior and interaction with children, so the higher the rating, the better the score. The 9 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 9 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0
Time frame: Change from baseline in behavior in parenting behavior (interaction with children at 12 months from enrollment).]
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 3.67 score on scale | Standard Deviation 1.022 |
| Primary Services | Healthy Parenting Behavior Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 4.10 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.83 |
Secondary
Healthy Employment Attitudes
Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy employment attitudes/beliefs/expectations after completing the Fresno Fatherhood program? Items measured include: 8 items: levels of agreement with key employment attitudes (categories, 5-point scale) 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Neutral 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree The 8 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 8 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0
Time frame: Change from baseline in healthy employment attitudes to immediately after program completion.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Employment Attitudes | mean at baseline | 3.97 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.66 |
| Primary Services | Healthy Employment Attitudes | mean at follow-up | 4.09 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.62 |
Secondary
Healthy Employment Behaviors
Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy employment behaviors one year after program enrollment? Items measured include: 1 item: yes (1) or no (0) questions for having a resume (dichotomous) Yes responses indicate employment readiness, so the higher the rating, the better the score.
Time frame: Change from baseline in father financial behavior at 12 months from enrollment.]
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Employment Behaviors | have resume at baseline | 24 Participants |
| Primary Services | Healthy Employment Behaviors | have resume at follow-up | 97 Participants |
Secondary
Healthy Financial Attitudes
Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy financial attitudes/beliefs/expectations after completing the Fresno Fatherhood program? Items measured include: 7 items: agreement with key financial attitudes (categories, 5-point scale) 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Neutral 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree The 7 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 7 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0
Time frame: Change in healthy financial attitudes from baseline to immediately after program completion.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Financial Attitudes | mean at baseline | 3.46 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.603 |
| Primary Services | Healthy Financial Attitudes | mean at follow-up | 3.64 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.635 |
Secondary
Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1
Will Fresno Fatherhood program participants experience significant increases in healthy parenting attitudes/beliefs/expectations after completing the Fresno Fatherhood program? Items measured include: Parenting attitudes toward children measured with: 7 items: frequency of key attitudes (categories, 5-point scale) Measured on the Healthy Parenting Attitudes Scale #1 as: 1. Always 2. Often 3. Sometimes 4. Rarely 5. Never The 7 items are measured as a construct. All items are added together and divided by 7 to create the construct score. The higher the score, the better the outcome. maximum score of 5.0, minimum score of 1.0.
Time frame: Change in parenting attitudes (towards children) from baseline to immediately after program completion.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Services | Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1 | mean at baseline | 4.55 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.482 |
| Primary Services | Healthy Parenting Attitudes Measurement #1 | mean at follow-up | 4.57 score on scale | Standard Deviation 0.451 |